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Barbara Perry, PhD - University of Ontario Institute of Technology. Oshawa, ON, CANADA

Barbara Perry, PhD

Professor, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities | University of Ontario Institute of Technology

Oshawa, ON, CANADA

Global hate crime expert and leading author cultivates a society of education and victim support

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Biography

Barbara Perry, PhD, is recognized as one of the world’s foremost authorities and renowned authors on Hate Crime. A Professor in the Faculty of Social Science and Humanities at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology (UOIT), Dr. Perry is helping to frame the field, and foster global education and support for victims of violence. Excited by her ability to challenge the status quo and traditional ways of thinking about the justice system, Dr. Perry has studied hate crime for more than 20 years. What drew her in was the enormous opportunity to fill the many gaps in the system; dealing with victims and their experiences; then sharing their stories to create broader awareness. She is passionate about giving victims a voice and deeply committed to bringing people in marginalized communities back into the fold so that they can realize full citizenship.

Her pursuit of social justice stems from her desire to have a more critical perspective. In 1985, Dr. Perry obtained her Bachelor of Arts in Social Behaviour from Queen’s University in Kingston, Ontario; she received her Master of Arts in Sociology from Queen’s University in 1987, and earned her Doctorate in Sociology from Carleton University in Ottawa, Ontario in 1992. Her previous appointments include Assistant Professor and Associate Professor in the Department of Criminal Justice at Northern Arizona University, and Assistant Professor in the Department of Criminology at the University of Southern Maine.

Throughout her esteemed career, Dr. Perry has received numerous teaching and research awards for her work including the 2013 Distinguished Scholar Award from Auckland University in New Zealand. In 2012, she was appointed Honorary Fellow in the Department of Criminology at the University of Leicester, United Kingdom; and she was awarded the American Society of Criminology’s 2007 Critical Criminologist of the Year.

Industry Expertise (4)

Research

Law Enforcement

Judiciary

Education/Learning

Areas of Expertise (10)

Hate Crime

Race and Justice

Lgbtq Issues

Human Rights Violations

Crime and Justice

Law and Social Control

Sexuality Equality

Immigration and Citizenship

Indigenous People

Criminal and Social Justice Policy

Accomplishments (12)

Adjunct Professor, Department of Sociology, University of Limerick (professional)

2015-01-01

Limerick, Ireland

Founding Board Member, International Institute on Radicalisation and Securities Studies (IIRSS) (professional)

2014-01-01

Established in January 2014, the IIRSS was created to provide research, training and specialized investigative support on matters involving hate propaganda, the promotion of genocide, hate-motivated crimes, criminal extremism and radicalisation. The mandate of the IIRSS is to conduct multi-national strategic intelligence operations, training and research targeting individuals or organized groups involved in radicalised activity and criminal extremism.

2013 Distinguished Visitor Award, Auckland University (professional)

2013-09-01

Auckland, New Zealand

Documentary Producer, Courage in the Face of Hate (professional)

2013-05-09

Courage in the Face of Hate is the first Canadian documentary to focus on the human impact of hate crimes, bullying and violence against lesbian, gay, bisexual, trans, and two-spirited Canadians. Produced in partnership with Egale Canada Human Rights Trust in 2012, the documentary is aimed at students in grades 9 to 11 and includes a lesson plan. One of the most impactful research projects of Dr. Perry’s career, her documentary has been picked up by school boards across Canada.

Co-Chair and Advisory Board Member, International Network For Hate Studies (professional)

2013-02-01

This cross-jurisdictional and interdisciplinary organization aims to facilitate the exchange of knowledge about the study of hate and hate crime. Academics and practitioners are working to understand ways that hate and hate crime can be combated in society.

Honorary Fellow, Department of Criminology, University of Leicester (professional)

2012-04-01

Leicester, England

Author, Diversity, Crime and Justice in Canada (Oxford) (professional)

2011-03-14

Dr. Perry brings together 17 of the country’s leading scholars to address issues of inequality as they intersect with crime and social justice. Published in 2011, this invaluable student text examines social inequality in relation to Canada’s criminal justice system.

Board of Directors, PFLAG Canada Durham Region (professional)

2011-03-01

Since 2011, Dr. Perry has served on the Board of Directors of PFLAG Canada Durham Region, the only national organization that helps all Canadians with issues of sexual orientation, gender identity and gender expression through support, education and resources. Her other roles within this group include Education Co-ordinator, and LGBT Youth Leadership Camp Committee Chair and Fund Development Committee member.

Professor, Faculty of Social Science and Humanities, UOIT (professional)

2008-07-01

In July 2004, Dr. Perry joined UOIT as Associate Professor, and in July 2006 she became the first woman at the university to be promoted to Full Professor. From 2008-2014, she served as the faculty's Associate Dean. She received UOIT's Research Excellence Award in 2009.

2007 Critical Criminologist of the Year, American Society of Criminology (ASC) (professional)

2007-11-14

ASC Division on Critical Criminology

Visiting Professor, Department of Social Sciences, Nottingham Trent University (professional)

2003-09-01

Nottingham, England

Author, In the Name of Hate: Understanding Hate Crimes (Routledge) (professional)

2001-03-15

In the Name of Hate: Understanding Hate Crimes is the first book to offer a comprehensive theory of hate crimes. It provides an historical understanding of hate crimes and provocatively argues that hate crimes are not an aberration of current society, but a by-product of a society still struggling with inequality, difference, fear and hate. Widely regarded as the seminal book in the industry, her first edition broke new ground and helped frame the field.

Education (3)

Carleton University : PhD, Sociology 1992

Queen's University : Master of Arts, Sociology 1987

Queen's University: Bachelor of Arts, Social Behaviour 1985

Affiliations (5)

  • American Society of Criminology
  • British Society of Criminology
  • Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences
  • American Sociological Association
  • Society for the Study of Social Problems

Media Appearances (15)

As Canada Transforms, an Anti-Immigrant Fringe Stirs

The New York Times  print

2017-01-31

Some critics have blamed Donald J. Trump’s nationalistic language, but right-wing extremism has long thrived in Canada among skinheads, white supremacists and others, said Barbara Perry, a global hate crime expert at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology in Oshawa, Ontario, and the lead author of a report published last year in the journal Studies in Conflict & Terrorism.

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Why White Nationalists Are the Extremists We Should Fear

Vice News  online

2017-02-01

While we still know very little about Alexandre Bissonnette, the university student accused of killing six people at a Quebec City mosque Sunday night, a picture of him has begun to emerge, and it's a picture that everyone on the internet is familiar with.

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Right Wing Extremism in Canada

tvo  tv

2016-09-08

It's known as the "other terror" - the domestic threat posed by right-wing extremism, including white supremacists and anti-government radicals. According to one report, 59 per cent of "lone wolf" attacks in Canada over the last 15 years have been committed by right-wing extremists. Barbara Perry, professor at the University of Ontario Institute of Technology, joins The Agenda to discuss the various right wing extremist groups across Canada, and the threat they pose.

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The disturbing movement against Syrian refugees in Canada

The Star  online

2016-03-10

A 2016 study by academics Barbara Perry and Ryan Scrivens found that right-wing extremism in Canada is “more extensive and more active than public rhetoric would suggest,” comprising at least 100 active groups — many of which are linked to like-minded European and American organizations.

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Right-Wing Extremist Groups in Canada

Spice Radio  radio

2016-03-10

Live broadcast on Spice Mornings.

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Fight Where You Stand: Lessons from the Global Struggle Against Fascism and Racism

The Link  print

2016-03-07

A few weeks ago, my partner was riding the metro when two men got on the train. Another man, sitting across from her, complimented them on the patches they were wearing, which read “A30B,” and carried a symbol resembling a Wolfsangel—a symbol of Nazi Germany. The two men started talking to him in Eastern European accents, describing how they just arrived in Montreal, and were still finding their way around. The other man, a Quebecer, said that he could plug them in with the local movement.

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Study finds white supremacist groups are on the rise in Canada: SFU research notes an uptick in radical activity following arrival of Syrian refugees

The Peak  print

2016-02-29

To many Canadians, the face of violent white supremacy wears the hood of the Klu Klux Klan and lives somewhere in the southern United States, or perhaps even in the past. However, a recent study co-authored by SFU criminology PhD candidate Ryan Scrivens and University of Ontario professor Dr. Barbara Perry suggests otherwise.

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The Early Edition: Extremist Groups

AM 1150  radio

2016-02-23

Live broadcast hosted by Phil Johnson and Gord Vizzutti.

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Right wing extremism on the rise in Canada

News Examiner  online

2016-02-22

A study recently published by a trio of researchers entitled “Uneasy Alliances: A Look at the Right-Wing Extremist Movement in Canada” found that there are over a hundred such groups operating in the nation, most in British Columbia, Alberta, and Quebec. We aren’t talking about groups who simply espouse their hate and misinformation online then move along either; we are talking about groups that have carried out attacks and even murders on those whose political beliefs they don’t like.

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Right wing extremism is alive and well in BC: SFU study

News 1130 AM - Vancouver's Breaking News, Traffic and Weather Station  radio

2016-02-21

Right wing extremists are flourishing in BC, Alberta and Quebec according to a new study out of SFU. Co-author of the report, Ryan Scrivens says while these groups aren’t likely to be in Vancouver, they are present in parts of the province.

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Right-Wing Extremism is Thriving in Canada

Vice News  print

2016-02-19

According to a new study, right-wing extremism in Canada is thriving — despite the fact that the movement is fragmented and plagued with infighting. Over the course of three years, authors of a recent study, entitled Uneasy Alliances: A Look at the Right-Wing Extremist Movement in Canada, published in the journal Studies in Conflict & Terrorism, found at least 100 right-wing extremist groups operating in Canada, especially in Alberta, BC, and Quebec. Video: http://en.daily.vice.com/videos/february-19-founding-member-run-dmc-ditched-grammys-record-metal-song-montreal

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Southern Poverty Law Center releases shocking new report

National Observer  online

2016-02-17

In Canada, two researchers just released a report in early February titled Uneasy Alliances: A Look at the Right-Wing Extremist Movement in Canada. The report is behind a journal paywall and the lead author, Ontario professor Barbara Perry, could not be reached for comment, but according to a piece in the Georgia Straight the researchers found about 100 right-wing extremist groups currently operating in Canada.

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University researchers examine white supremacy activity in Canada

The Georgia Straight  print

2016-02-02

Two Canadian researchers—University of Ontario professor Barbara Perry and Simon Fraser University criminology PhD candidate Ryan Scrivens—worked on the project “Right Wing Extremism in Canada: An Environmental Scan" to examine the state of white power groups in the country. They published the results of their study "Uneasy Alliances: A Look at the Right-Wing Extremist Movement in Canada" in Studies in Conflict and Terrorism on February 5.

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Right-wing extremist groups ‘prevalent’ across Canada, study warns

National Post  print

2016-02-14

Canada’s right-wing extremist movement is a motley crew of white supremacists, anti-government “sovereignists” and pro-militia crusaders who, despite being disorganized and prone to booze-fuelled in-fighting, are “more extensive and more active” than most people think, says a new study.

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Hate crimes centre around sexual orientation: Oshawa professor

Oshawa This Week  print

2011-08-07

UOIT professor hopes to make difference with hate crime research

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Event Appearances (22)

Missing Pieces and Misplaced Priorities: An Acknowledgement of Right Wing Extremism in Canada

Western Society of Criminology Annual Conference  Vancouver, British Columbia

2016-02-06

The “Right” Response to Right Wing Extremism in Canada

American Society of Criminology Annual Meeting  Washington, DC

2015-11-21

Right Wing Extremism in Canada: An Environmental Scan of the Current State of the Canadian “Movement"

71st Annual Meeting of American Society of Criminology  San Francisco, California

2015-11-18

Identifying and Responding to Right Wing Extremism

Ontario Association of Chiefs of Police Diversity Council  Durham Regional Police Service Headquarters, Whitby, Ontario

2015-09-01

White Pride Worldwide: Constructing Global Identities Online

Symposium on Internationalizing Hate Crime, Sussex University  Brighton, United Kingdom

2015-05-07

Visibilities, Vilification and Violence: Islamophobic Hate Crime in Canada (

Department of Sociology, Auckland University  Auckland, New Zealand

2014-06-04

Community Impacts of Hate Crime

Auckland University  Auckland, New Zealand

2014-06-04

Universal Suffering: A Global Continuum of Violence

Symposium on Regulating Emotions, Research Cluster in Emotions and Society  University of Limerick, Ireland

2014-05-13

Universal Suffering: Intervening Globally in Hate Crime

International Network for Hate Studies Conference  University of Sussex, Brighton, United Kingdom

2014-05-09

“Three Man Wrecking Crews”: Right Wing Extremism in Canada

Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences Annual Meeting  Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

2014-02-20

Bound by the Code: Legal Constraints of Policing Gender-Motivated Violence in Canada

American Society of Criminology Annual Meeting  Atlanta, Georgia

2013-11-22

Seeing Muslims: Identities, Visibilities, and Islamophobic Violence in Canada

Nottingham-Trent University  Nottingham, United Kingdom

2013-05-09

Rejected and Dejected: The Impacts of Islamophobic Violence on Community Members

Scarman Public Lecture, University of Leicester  Leicester, United Kingdom

2013-05-08

I Don’t Know Where it is Safe: Trans Identified Womens' Experience of Violence

Explorations in Justice Conference, University of Albany  Albany, New York

2013-04-18

Right Wing Extremism in Canada: Preliminary Observations

Metropolis Conference  Ottawa, Ontario

2013-03-15

Community Impacts of Hate Crime

Ontario Provincial Police Blue Sky Conference on Hate Crime and Extremism  Niagara Falls, Ontario

2013-02-07

Confronting Homophobia: Full-day Workshop

Council of Social Services  Timmins, Ontario

2012-11-21

Right Wing Extremism in Canada: Acknowledging the Problem

Kanishka Opening Conference  Ottawa, Ontario

2012-11-09

UOIT’s Contribution to Oshawa’s Downtown Revitalization

Council of Colleges of Arts and Sciences  Seattle, Washington

2012-11-02

Community Impacts of Hate Crime

Hate Crime Symposium  Toronto Police College

2012-10-22

Impacts of Islamophobic Violence

Islamophobia Symposium  Salaheddin Islamic Centre, Scarborough, Ontario

2012-07-28

Promising Practices in Responding to Hate Crime

Hate Crime Symposium, Oxford Brookes University  Oxford, United Kingdom

2012-06-29

Research Grants (5)

More Than Paper Terrorists? A Closer Look at at Freemen-on-the-Land in Canada

The Canadian Network for Research on Terrorism, Security and Society $14270

2016-09-01

FOTL refers to a loose movement of anti-statist/anti-authoritarians who challenge the validity of formal state law in favour of "natural" law or sometimes "God's" law. However, there is a dearth of information on FOTL in Canada. What is available is largely anecdotal, fragmentary and unsystematic. A more methodical approach to unpacking their sentiment and activities is warranted. The intent of this project is to engage multiple methodologies that allow us to effectively construct a robust picture of the FOTL movement in Canada.

Mediating Crime and Race: How Canadian Ethnic Minority Newspapers Construct Crime

SSHRC Insight Grant $6/1/2016

2016-06-01

There is a growing body of literature on the nexus of media, race and crime, which reveals that crime is exaggerated in mainstream media, and that these same venues tend to racialize crime and criminalize race. The impact of this is to reinforce inaccurate public perceptions about the frequency, seriousness and demographic distribution of crime. Interestingly, however, there have been no focused efforts to explore the ways in which crime is featured within the media serving specific racial and ethnic communities. Little is known about whether such outlets reproduce these patterns. Thus, as co-investigator of this three-year research project, Dr. Perry is interested in uncovering the patterns of crime reporting in such venues, and in comparing the ways in which crime news is presented to different audiences.

Right Wing Extremism in Canada: An Environmental Scan

The Kanishka Project, Public Safety Canada $77304

2012-09-01

Through a Public Safety Canada grant program, Dr. Perry is speaking with law enforcement and intelligence communities to identify the scope and nature of white supremacist movements largely between British Columbia and Quebec. Her research aims to identify factors that enable white supremacist groups to emerge; develop law enforcement training to help prevent their emergence; and understand how to disable groups that already exist.

Ethnic Lens: How Ethnic Minority Media Cover Crime

SSHRC Insight Development Grant $42930

2012-05-01

PI, Aziz, D. CI, Perry, B.

Pilot Study of Islamophobic Violence, Violence Against Muslim Communities in Toronto, Ottawa and Montreal

SSHRC $66964

2011-05-01

PI, Perry, B.

Partnerships (1)

Strategies to Combat Hate Crime and Ensure Safe Communities

Helen Kennedy, Executive Director Egale Canada Human Rights Trust

2011-07-15

Egale Canada Human Rights Trust is Canada’s only national charity promoting lesbian, gay, bisexual and trans (LGBT) human rights through research, education and community engagement. Since 2009, Dr. Perry has been actively involved in research aimed at advancing LGBT equality, diversity, education and justice, and serves in an advisory and consulting role. In 2011, Egale Canada announced a research partnership with Dr. Perry. Her current work explores violence against lesbians, gays, and trans women.

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Courses (2)

SSCO 4099U - Criminology and Justice Integrating Project

4th Year, Undergraduate Course

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SSCI 2050U - Rights and Freedoms in the Justice System

2nd Year, Undergraduate Course

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Articles (10)

Uneasy Alliances: A Look at the Right-Wing Extremist Movement in Canada


Studies in Conflict and Terrorism

2016-02-05

Despite the Canadian Security Intelligence Service's recent concern with the growing threat from right-wing extremists nationwide, we have little contemporary scholarship on the far right movement in Canada and fewer attempts to systematically analyze their ideologies and activities. Drawing on a three-year study involving interviews with Canadian law enforcement officials, community organizations, and right-wing activists, as well as analyses of open source intelligence, this article examines the endogenous factors that facilitate and inhibit the right-wing extremist movement in Canada. Findings suggest that strengths and weaknesses of the groups themselves can be exploited as a means of debilitating them.

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All of a Sudden, There Are Muslims”: Identities, Visibilities, and Islamophobic Violence in Canada


International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy

2015-12-01

This paper traces the meanings and impacts of the increased and transformed visibility of Muslim communities in Canada, as evidenced through their experiences of surveillance and violence. It explores the contours of this visibility as well as the consequences. Relationships between Muslims and non-Muslims are shaped in and through hostility, harassment and violence which is directed toward increasingly visible Muslim communities. Guiding the analysis of the connections between visibility and hate crime is a frame that draws upon Brighenti’s ideal types of visibility: media-type, control-type and social-type.

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Introduction: Understanding Hate Crime: Research, Policy and Practice


Criminal Justice Policy Review

2015-10-05

In 2013, a group of scholars from Europe and North America came together to form the International Network for Hate Studies. The key aims of the network included bridging gaps between academics and policy makers/practitioners in the field, and “internationalizing” our understanding of hate crime generally. In the spring of 2014, INHS held its inaugural conference at the University of Sussex in Brighton, UK. In this special edition of CJPR, we bring together expanded versions of 4 of the keynote speeches from that conference. In distinct ways, each speaks to the key themes noted above, as this brief introduction will illustrate.

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Intervening Globally: Confronting Hate Across the World


Criminal Justice Policy Review

2015-08-13

Deriving insights from the array of papers delivered across the course of the conference, this article highlights proactive and reactive approaches to hate crime from across the globe. It addresses both state-level and nongovernmental organization (NGO) responses, including legislation, police policy and practice, education, and public awareness initiatives. It also considers the potential limitations associated with some of these.

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Disrupting the Mantra of Multiculturalism Hate Crime in Canada


American Behavioral Scientist

2015-06-01

While Canada proclaims itself to be among the most diverse and inclusive nations, the persistence of hate crime challenges this vision. The “myth of multiculturalism” is laid bare by exclusionary acts of harassment and violence. This article traces the tropes of multiculturalism before assessing the ways in which bias-motivated violence reveals the fissures in this facade. Optimistically, however, it concludes with a consideration of the unintended constructive impacts of ongoing patterns of hostility. That is, the rhetoric of multiculturalism still has some capacity to provide a foundation for critical discourse inspired by victimization.

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What Communities Want: Recognizing the Needs of Hate Crime Targets


Journal of Hate Studies

2015-01-01

The theme of the Third International Conference on Hate Studies, “The Pursuit of Justice: Understanding Hatred, Confronting Intolerance, Eliminating Inequality,” took me immediately to the subject matter of this article: Who is meant to be served by the subthemes of this conference, if not the targets or potential targets of hate crime? An equally important set of questions would ask: What justice looks like from the perspectives of those individuals and groups? What do hate crime victims want, and what do they need? And, what do vulnerable communities want and need?

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I Don’t Know Where it is Safe”: Trans Women’s Experiences of Violence


Critical Criminology

2014-03-01

Scholars are only beginning to take account of how trans people experience violence motivated by their gender identity and expression. Based on a series of focus groups and interviews across Canada, this article aims to further this area of inquiry. The fear of victimization, and thus hyper-vigilance, seems to be particularly acute among trans women. Many of them spoke of the multiple and complex layers through which they defined “safety” and lack thereof. We share their experiences and perceptions of the threat of hate motivated violence, and their subsequent reactions.

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Bound by the Code: Legal Constraints of Policing Gender-Motivated Violence in Canada


Journal of International Criminal Justice Research

2014-07-01

Police officers’ perceptions of gender-motivated violence against women have been overlooked in hate crime research. In an attempt to bridge a gap in the literature, the researchers examined how nine police officers from Ontario, Canada conceptualized gender-motivated violence using vignettes, sentence-completion tasks, and an interview guide. Here, officers were asked about their perceptions of and experience with hate crime and gender-motivated hate crime. Results indicate that the majority of participants do not perceive instances of violence against women as hate crime. This seems to be explained by officers’ understandings of the definitional constraints of legal terms, ambiguous motives, the typical victims of hate notion, and the masculinist police culture.

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Gendered Islamophobia: Hate Crime Against Muslim Women


Social Identities: Journal for the Study of Race, Nation and Culture

2013-12-18

Post 9/11, most western nations have seen dramatic increases in bias motivated violence against Muslims and those perceived to be Muslim. Predicated on the long-lived vilification of Muslims by the media and the state, such violence is a reactionary reminder of Muslims' outsider status. Interestingly, little attention has been paid to the particular vulnerability of women and girls to anti-Muslim hate crime. This paper begins such a dialogue.

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Outside Looking In: The Community Impacts of Anti-Lesbian, Gay, and Bisexual Hate Crime


Journal of Homosexuality

2014-10-13

Hate crime scholars have long argued that the harms of hate crime extend beyond the immediate victim to negatively impact the victim’s reference community. However, this assertion is speculative and in need of empirical support. Utilizing focus group data from 15 people who identified as lesbian, gay, bisexual, or pansexual, this pilot study explored the extent to which the harms of anti-LGB hate crime spread beyond the immediate victim to impact nonvictims in the LGB community. The findings suggest that anti-LGB hate violence can have profound and negative effects on the psychological and emotional well-being of nonvictims who are LGB and may result in dramatic behavioral change as well. The findings also indicate that hate violence negatively affected participants’ decisions to disclose their sexual orientation to others. On a more positive note, however, awareness of such violence may also mobilize some people within the LGB community.

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