Jeanette Wyneken, Ph.D.
Professor Florida Atlantic University
- Boca Raton FL
Jeanette Wyneken is an expert in vertebrate morphology, physiological ecology, behavioral ecology, and marine conservation biology.
Multimedia
Social
Biography
Areas of Expertise
Education
University of Illinois
Ph.D.
1998
Selected Media Appearances
A look at threats to the sea turtle population
Good Morning America tv
2023-08-07
ABC News’ Rob Marciano takes a look at how the warming world is impacting the future of one of the world’s oldest animals.
Sea turtles hatching on Florida beaches are feeling the heat from warming climate
Florida Phoenix online
2022-11-17
But if the sand gets too hot? The hatchlings don’t hatch at all, Wyneken said. Or if they do hatch, they exhibit a sideshow variety of defects: no eyeballs, or a missing jaw.
If the weather is getting too hot to produce male sea turtles, she said, “then it’s too hot for insects and too hot for plants and too hot for us, too.”
A Passionate Community of Activists, Scientists, and Volunteers Are Devoted To Saving Florida's Sea Turtles
Southern Living online
2022-10-21
Meanwhile, at Florida Atlantic University's Marine Science Laboratory in Boca Raton, Dr. Jeanette Wyneken (whose dynamic style and publishing output give her a rock star quality) works with graduate and undergraduate students on sea turtle development. "People love turtles, but we know so little," she says—for years, most of the information about the open-sea roamers was only from their brief times near the coasts. "These projects couldn't function without the curiosity of students. They are a whole new set of eyes."
Watch baby sea turtles get released into the ocean live on TODAY
TODAY tv
2022-09-22
NBC’s Kerry Sanders joins TODAY live from the waters off the coast of Florida to report on why there are more female turtles than male turtles being born – and then helps release young turtles into the ocean!
FAU biologist: Climate change fueling gender imbalance in loggerhead sea turtles
WSVN 7 online
2021-08-19
What she’s uncovering about these sea turtles is startling.
Jeanette Wyneken: “There are fewer and fewer males being produced. The turtles are telling us a story that is important.”
We may finally know where young turtles spend their ‘lost years’
Popular Science online
2021-05-05
They tried flexible glues instead, but that ended up flaking off the shells, which are made of keratin. That’s the same material that makes up human fingernails, which gave them another thought. “Jeanette [Wyneken, a co-author,] and I kind of looked at each other,” Mansfield says. “She called her manicurist and asked, ‘What would you do for peeling nails?’”
Novel turtle sex identification technique could aid conservation
BioTechniques online
2020-09-01
“The challenges inherent in the methods that are currently being used to identify the sex of neonate turtles with temperature-dependent sex determination is what inspired us to look for an alternative approach,” remarked study author Jeanette Wyneken. “Results from our study provide the field of reptile conservation, and in particular, turtle conservation and management, with a valuable new tool that can be used to accurately assess the sex ratios of hatchlings.”
Blood Test Allows Safer Turtle Sex Determination
Scientific American online
2020-08-01
To save them, “you have to really understand where the problems lie,” says Jeanette Wyneken, a biologist at Florida Atlantic University and senior author on a new study on the topic, published in March in Scientific Reports. Monitoring turtles' sex ratios as hatchlings can help—but species with temperature-dependent sex determination lack sex chromosomes and mature relatively late, making their sexes hard to discover noninvasively.
Sea turtle nesting season along Treasure Coast off to an early start, tallying big numbers
TCPalm online
2020-05-25
For more than a dozen years, the majority of sea turtles born on Florida beaches have been female, according to a study headed by Jeanette Wyneken, a biological sciences professor at Florida Atlantic University.
New test to identify sea turtles' sex boosts conservation efforts
United Press International online
2020-04-08
"It's really important because all sea turtles are listed as threatened or endangered," said Jeanette Wyneken, a professor of biological sciences and a co-author of the study. "If the population is struggling, it could be that we have such a skewed sex ratio that reproduction is inhibited."
One benefit from coronavirus closing beaches? There’s hope for a strong turtle nesting season.
Sun Sentinel online
2020-04-01
“The fewer the interruptions, the better the turtles are going to be this summer,” said Jeanette Wyneken, a professor of biological sciences at Florida Atlantic University and director of FAU’s marine lab at the Gumbo Limbo Environmental Complex in Boca Raton.
Conservancy releases sea turtle ambassador
Fort Myers Florida Weekly online
2020-04-01
NIN was part of a Sea Turtle Sex Determination Study by Jeanette Wyneken, a professor of biological sciences at Florida Atlantic University in Boca Raton, who is analyzing the impact of nesting temperatures on the sea turtle population. The study documented that higher nesting temperatures result in more female hatchlings, while lower nesting temperatures produce more males. The imbalance could affect the species’ survival and serves as a reminder of the importance of maintaining beaches, protecting nests and the impact of climate on wildlife.
Sea turtles think old ocean plastic smells delicious
Popular Science online
2020-03-10
“This is a study that needed to be done 20 years ago. I’m glad someone finally did it,” says Jeanette Wyneken, a Florida Atlantic University Marine biologist who also studies sea turtles. Although the results don’t surprise her, she says they do provide a clear mechanism for why sea turtles seek out ocean plastic. Now if we could just stop putting it in the ocean in the first place.
Female sea turtle births are at an all-time high; here's why
WFTV online
2019-11-05
Warming seas and sand temperatures are shifting the balance in sea turtle populations, creating generations with almost no male turtles.
"The eggs can’t get away from the heat, so if it gets too warm, they’re stuck, and if it gets too warm, we see dead embryos. If it gets just a little too warm, we see all female hatchlings coming out of that nest," Wyneken said. "There is a little tiny zone between death and all females."
Bucking climate change, male sea turtles being born after multi-year hiatus: FAU researcher says
TC Palm online
2019-03-05
After more than a dozen years of nearly every sea turtle born on Florida beaches being female, a small but significant number of males were born last year, said Jeanette Wyneken, a biological sciences professor at Florida Atlantic University. [...]
Why the endangered green sea turtle is losing its male population
CBS online
2018-08-07
Biologist Jeanette Wyneken directs Florida Atlantic University's marine lab, and has studied Florida's sea turtle population since 2002. She's alarmed by what she doesn't see in her tanks of hatchlings. [...]
FAU study shows connection between climate change, sea turtle population rates
University Press Online online
2018-01-08
Wyneken, along with a team of students, started researching three types of turtles — green, loggerhead, and leatherback — at the beginning of the fall semester to determine how climate change affects their reproductive rates.
Selected Articles
Hydric environmental effects on turtle development and sex ratio
ZoologyItzel Sifuentes-Romero, Boris M Tezak, Sarah L Milton, Jeanette Wyneken
2018
Experimental and field studies of different turtle species suggest that moisture influences embryonic development and sex ratios, wetter substrates tend to produce more males, and drier substrates produce more females. In this study, we used Trachemys scripta elegans to test the effect of moisture on embryonic development and sex ratios. T. s. elegans eggs were incubated under different temperature and moisture regimes. We monitored embryonic development until stage 22 (after sex determination) and, for the first time, we estimated sex ratios using a male-specific transcriptional molecular marker, Sox9. Among treatments, we found differences in developmental rates, egg mass, and sex ratio.
Breeding sex ratio and population size of loggerhead turtles from Southwestern Florida
PloS OneJacob A Lasala, Colin R Hughes, Jeanette Wyneken
2018
Species that display temperature-dependent sex determination are at risk as a result of increasing global temperatures. For marine turtles, high incubation temperatures can skew sex ratios towards females. There are concerns that temperature increases may result in highly female-biased offspring sex ratios, which would drive a future sex ratio skew. Studying the sex ratios of adults in the ocean is logistically very difficult because individuals are widely distributed and males are inaccessible because they remain in the ocean. Breeding sex ratios (BSR) are sought as a functional alternative to study adult sex ratios. One way to examine BSR is to determine the number of males that contribute to nests. Our goal was to evaluate the BSR for loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta) nesting along the eastern Gulf of Mexico in Florida, from 2013–2015, encompassing three nesting seasons. We genotyped 64 nesting females (approximately 28% of all turtles nesting at that time) and up to 20 hatchlings from their nests (n = 989) using 7 polymorphic microsatellite markers. We identified multiple paternal contributions in 70% of the nests analyzed and 126 individual males. The breeding sex ratio was approximately 1 female for every 2.5 males. We did not find repeat males in any of our nests. The sex ratio and lack of repeating males was surprising because of female-biased primary sex ratios. We hypothesize that females mate offshore of their nesting beaches as well as en route.
Experimental assessment of the effects of moisture on loggerhead sea turtle hatchling sex ratios
ZoologyAlexandra Lolavar, Jeanette Wyneken
2017
Many reptiles have temperature-dependent sex determination (TSD). Sex determination in marine turtles is described by a cool–male, warm–female pattern. Nest sand temperature strongly influences sea turtle embryo development and sex differentiation. Yet, variation in hatchling sex ratios is explained only partially by nest temperature and can be predicted only at the warmest and coolest temperatures. Hence, other factors during development influence sex determination. Rainfall is a common environmental variable that may impact development and sex determination. We experimentally evaluated bias in sex ratio production associated with nest moisture. Conditions tested in surrogate nests were sand moisture in combination with (i) very restricted evaporation, (ii) moderate evaporation (allowing evaporative cooling), and (iii) evaporative cooling plus cooling from rain-temperature water.
Environmental Causation of Turtle Scute Anomalies in ovo and in silico
Integrative and Comparative BiologyJeanette Wyneken et al.
2017
The turtle shell is often described as an evolutionary novelty that facilitated the radiation of the clade Testudines. The scutes, or keratinous plates, of the turtle shell are hypothesized to be patterned by reaction-diffusion dynamics, and this property of their development provides explanatory power to mechanisms of anomalous variation. A mathematical model of scute development predicts that anomalous variation in the phylogenetically stable pattern of scutes is achieved by environmental influence on the developmental program. We test this prediction with data on patterns of scute variation from natural nests and controlled incubation of sea turtle eggs in Florida and Western Australia. We find that high temperatures are sufficient to produce anomalous patterns in turtle scutes, and that this correlation is even stronger when conditions are dry.
Seasonal variation in sea turtle density and abundance in the southeast Florida current and surrounding waters
PloS OneCaitlin M Bovery, Jeanette Wyneken
2015
Assessment and management of sea turtle populations is often limited by a lack of available data pertaining to at-sea distributions at appropriate spatial and temporal resolutions. Assessing the spatial and temporal distributions of marine turtles in an open system poses both observational and analytical challenges due to the turtles’ highly migratory nature. Surface counts of marine turtles in waters along the southern part of Florida’s east coast were made in and adjacent to the southeast portion of the Florida Current using standard aerial surveys during 2011 and 2012 to assess their seasonal presence. This area is of particular concern for sea turtles as interest increases in offshore energy developments, specifically harnessing the power of the Florida Current. While it is understood that marine turtles use these waters, here we evaluate seasonal variation in sea turtle abundance and density over two years. Density of sea turtles observed within the study area ranged from 0.003 turtles km-2 in the winter of 2011 to 0.064 turtles km-2 in the spring of 2012. This assessment of marine turtles in the waters off southeast Florida quantifies their in-water abundance across seasons in this area to establish baselines and inform future management strategies of these protected species.
