Patrick Jung, Ph.D.
Professor Milwaukee School of Engineering
- Milwaukee WI
Dr. Patrick Jung's areas of focus include American history, German art history, and anthropology.

Milwaukee School of Engineering
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Education, Licensure and Certification
Ph.D.
American History
Marquette University
1997
M.A.
American History
Marquette University
1992
B.A.
Political Science
University of Wisconsin-Whitewater
1986
Biography
Industry Expertise
Areas of Expertise
Accomplishments
Editorial Board, Matrix: A Journal for Matricultural Studies, 2025-Present
I serve on the editorial board of an anthropology journal published by the Network on Culture, a Canadian anthropological research organization. Matrix examines matriculture, or the culture of women in various societies.
Guest Editor, Matrix: A Journal for Matricultural Studies, 2025
The editor of the anthropology journal Matrix: A Journal of Matricultural Studies invited me to serve as a guest editor for a special issue examining the lives of men in societies with strong matricultures. This special issue was published as volume 4 (Autumn 2025). As a result of this issue, I was invited to serve on the regular editorial board.
Board of Editors, Annals of Iowa, 2023-2025
The Annals of Iowa was the premier academic journal of the State Historical Society. I had published two articles and numerous book reviews in this publication, and the editor invited to join the Board of Editors for the journal. The Annals of Iowa ceased publication in 2025.
Guest Professor, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamil Nadu, India, 2022
I had the honor of serving as a guest professor at Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, where I taught a course during the summer term on the global history of democracy.
Visiting Research Fellowship, Eccles Centre for American Studies, British Library, London, 2022
2021-06-01
The Eccles Centre for American Studies offers fellowships for researchers using the collections of the British Library in London. This fellowship will allow me to research the Haldimand Papers in the British Library, which provide valuable information about Indian-British relations in the western Great Lakes from the 1760s to the 1790s.
Best Book in General History, Midwest Independent Publishing Association, 2019
2019-09-01
Midwest Independent Publishing Association, Minneapolis, Minnesota (for publication of The Misunderstood Mission of Jean Nicolet)
Book of Merit Award, Wisconsin Historical Society, 2018
2018-05-01
Wisconsin Historical Society Board of Curators, Wisconsin Historical Society, Madison, Wisconsin (for publication of The Misunderstood Mission of Jean Nicolet)
Honorable Mention, Mildred Throne & Charles Aldrich Academic History Award, 2017
2017-03-01
State Historical Society of Iowa (for publication of Lonely Sentinel: A Military History of Fort Madison, 1808-1813)
Guest Professor, Fachhochschule Lübeck (Lübeck University of Applied Sciences), Lübeck, Germany, 2016
2026-10-13
I had the honor of serving as a guest professor at Fachhochschule Lübeck, where I taught a summer-term course on Middle Eastern history. The students consisted of those coming to MSOE for a one-year study abroad experience beginning the fall term of 2016.
Fulbright German Studies Seminar Award, J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board, 2012
2012-06-30
J. William Fulbright Foreign Scholarship Board, Washington, D.C.
Oscar Werwath Distinguished Teacher Award, Milwaukee School of Engineering, 2010
2010-05-14
Milwaukee School of Engineering
Affiliations
- Wisconsin Archeological Society (WAS)
- Midwest Archaeological Conference (MAC)
- American Anthropological Association (AAA)
- American Historical Association (AHA) : Member
- Organization of American Historians (OAH) : Member
- Wisconsin Historical Society : Member
- Milwaukee County Historical Society : Member
- Phi Alpha Theta, History Honor Society : Member
- Alpha Sigma Nu, Jesuit Honor Society : Member
- Friends of the Grohmann Museum : Member
- Friends of the Golda Meir Library : Member
- State Historical Society of Iowa: Member
- American Society for Ethnohistory: Member
Consulting Experience
Historical Research
https://www.dcmm.org/deathsdoormaritimemuseum/Death’s Door Maritime Museum
I provide research support concerning one of the museum’s interpretative placards that detailed the early Native American history of the Door County Peninsula. I worked with the site manager to correct several factual and interpretive errors on one of the placards.
Historical Research
http://www.preserveourparks.org/Preserve Our Parks
I provided research support concerning the Lake Michigan shoreline and its development to a nonprofit organization that seeks to preserve parks and other natural areas for public use. The organization sought to prevent the private development of land along the Lake Michigan shoreline in order to maintain the land for public purposes. I conducted research into the previous use of the land for use in courtroom litigation.
Historical Research
https://www.lord.ca/Lord Cultural Resources
I provided research concerning the treaties signed by the Potawatomi Indians with the United States and Canadian governments. Lord Cultural Resources hired me to do this work for the Forest County Potawatomi of Wisconsin for a museum display that illustrates and describes all the treaties that the tribe has signed in its history.
Languages
- English
- German
Social
Media Appearances
Interview: The Rise and Fall of “Chief” Black Hawk, 2026
Prairie Farm Podcast online
2026-02-27
This interview covered the Black Hawk War of 1832 and its influence on Midwest history. Hoksey Native Seeds sponsors this podcast, which examines Midwest history, culture, and agriculture.
Interview: Geraubtes Wirtschaftswunder: Die übertünchte Vergangenheit der Deutschen (Stolen Economic Miracle: The Whitewashed Past of the Germans), 2025
ZDF/Arte Television tv
2025-10-14
This interview concerned my research on painter Erich Mercker for a documentary about post-World War II Germans' desire to largely whitewash Germany’s history during the Nazi period. It focused on the painter Erich Mercker, who repainted his work to hide overtly Nazi symbols.
Interview: Father Marquette 350th Anniversary, 2023
Marquette County Tribune print
2023-05-11
This story announced a talk I was to give at the Marquette County Historical Society on French exploration of the Great Lakes, as part of the 350th-anniversary commemoration of Jacques Marquette’s exploration of the Mississippi River.
Interview: Who were Milwaukee's First Engineers and Architects? 2023
Milwaukee Public Radio radio
2023-03-23
This interview concerned early civil engineering and architecture in Milwaukee during the city’s first decade after it opened to white settlement in 1835.
Interview: Secrets of the Viking Stone, 2021
Viking Brothers Entertainment tv
2021-03-07
This interview concerned the authenticity of the Kensington Runestone for a documentary titled The American Runestone produced by Viking Brothers Entertainment of Los Angeles, California (forthcoming).
Interview: Wisconsin Still has Confederate Monuments, 2020
Milwaukee Journal Sentinel online
2020-06-26
The continued existence of Confederate monuments in the United States, even in those states that constituted the Union during the Civil War, has generated a great deal of controversy. In this interview, MSOE professor Patrick Jung discusses the existence of slavery in territorial Wisconsin.
Interview: Jean Nicolet Was a Diplomat, Not Explorer, 2019
Fox 11 News tv
2019-06-25
In this interview, MSOE professor Patrick Jung, discusses why the famed story of Jean Nicolet is inaccurate.
Interview: The Misunderstood Mission of Jean Nicolet: Uncovering the Story of the 1634 Journey, 2019
Wisconsin State Journal print
2019-06-23
This interview concerned the publication my book on the French diplomat and explorer Jean Nicolet.
Interview: The Misunderstood Mission of Jean Nicolet: Uncovering the Story of the 1634 Journey, 2019
Wisconsin Public Radio radio
2019-04-02
This interview concerned the publication my book on the French diplomat and explorer Jean Nicolet. The interview aired live on April 2, 2019 on WHAD, Milwaukee, Wisconsin as part of the Larry Meiller Show.
State of Iowa Honors MSOE Professor, 2017
MSOE
2017-04-28
Dr. Patrick J. Jung was honored by the state of Iowa for his article, “Lonely Sentinel: A Military History of Fort Madison, 1808-1813,” which was published in The Annals of Iowa, summer 2016.
Interview: The Black Hawk War of 1832 and the Battle of Wisconsin Heights, 2014
Wisconsin Public Radio radio
2014-12-04
This interview concerned the publication of my two books on the Black Hawk War of 1832 as part of the show Central Time with host Veronica Rueckert. The interview aired later that day, December 4, 2014, on WHA in Madison, Wisconsin.
Interview: Erich Mercker and Technical Subjects: A Landscape and Industrial Painter in Twentieth-Century Germany, 2014
Wisconsin Public Television tv
2014-10-02
This interview concerned the publication of my book on the German painter Erich Mercker on the show University Place Presents with host Norman Gilliland. The interview first aired on January 26, 2015 on WHA-TV, Channel 21 in Madison, Wisconsin.
Interview: MSOE Exhibit Reveals The Industrial Landscapes Of Twentieth-Century Germany, 2014
WUWM
2014-09-04
Almost immediately upon its opening, the museum came under fire for including works of the 20th century German landscape painter and industrial artist Erich Mercker, without duly noting Mercker’s involvement with the Nazi party. That controversy set Dr. Patrick Jung on a scholastic quest to find out more about Mercker and other industrial artists working in Germany at the time.
Event and Speaking Appearances
The Battle of Wisconsin Heights: Know Its Past, Save Its Future
Friends of the Lower Wisconsin Riverway (FLOW) Annual Meeting Spring Green, Wisconsin
2026-08-22
The Métis People of the Portage
The Big Picture Speaker Series Historic Indian Agency House, Portage, Wisconsin
2026-08-11
The American Revolution in Wisconsin, the Western Great Lakes, and the Mississippi Valley
Beyond the Page Speaker Series Dane County Library Service, Mazomanie, Wisconsin
2026-07-25
Lead Miners, Militiamen, and Warriors: Green County before White Settlement
Green County: Its First History Green County Historical Society Museum, Monroe, Wisconsin
2026-06-20
The American Revolution in the Midwest: Native Warriors, American Patriots, British Tories, and Spanish Officers
Greenfield Public Library Speakers Series Greenfield Public Library, Greenfield, Wisconsin
2026-06-09
The Art of Nazi Germany: Visions and Revisions
Johnson Controls Retirees Group Speaker Series Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2025-10-16
Matriarchy and Patriarchy: A View from Anthropology
Down the Rabbit Hole Lecture Series Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2025-10-01
Death and Drama along the Wisconsin River: The Battle of Wisconsin Heights, 1832
Arena Historians Speaker Series Arena, Wisconsin
2025-08-18
General Education and the University: India and America Compared
Hyderabad Institute of Technology and Management Hyderabad, India
2025-07-19
The Native People of Milwaukee: Their History and Spiritual Beliefs
Christ Church Episcopal Speaker Series Whitefish Bay, Wisconsin
2025-05-18
The Black Hawk War and Prairie du Chien in 1832
Prairie du Chien Historical Society Speaker Series Prairie du Chien, Wisconsin
2025-02-20
American Indian History in Milwaukee
Schlitz Audubon Nature Center Speaker Series Schlitz Audubon Nature Center, Bayside, Wisconsin
2025-02-17
The Native History of Milwaukee
Osher Institute Speaker Series Osher Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
2024-11-13
Green Bay During the Black Hawk War of 1832: A Lesson in the Native Culture of War
Local History Series Brown County Library, Green Bay, Wisconsin
2024-10-29
The Witch and Witchcraft: An Anthropological Explanation
Shorewood Men's Club Speaker Series Shorewood, Wisconsin
2024-10-16
The Old Military Road: An Historic Highway Winding Through a Bigger Story
Trails Speaker Series Historic Indian Agency House, Portage, Wisconsin
2024-10-08
Inequality: Defining the Problem, Offering No Solutions (But Maybe Alternatives)
Down the Rabbit Hole Lecture Series Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2024-10-07
The Four Periods of French History in Wisconsin
Dodge County Historical Society Speaker Series Dodge County Historical Society, Beaver Dam, Wisconsin
2024-03-23
Native People of the Upper Mississippi Valley and the Black Hawk War of 1832
New Albin Public Library Speaker Series New Albin Public Library, New Albin, Iowa
2023-12-18
Bondage in the Land of the Free: Slavery in Wisconsin Before the Civil War
Keynote speech at the 2023 annual meeting of the Board of the Sheboygan County Historical Research Center Sheboygan County Historical Research Center, Plymouth, Wisconsin
2023-10-13
Presentation and Tour of the 1832 Battle of Wisconsin Heights
Sauk Prairie Area Historical Society Speaker Series Tripp Museum, Prairie du Sac, Wisconsin
2023-09-30
Nicolet and Marquette in Wisconsin: The History of the Early French Period, 1634-1673
Port Washington Historical Society Speakers Series Port Washington Historical Society, Port Washington, Wisconsin
2023-09-19
The Ho-Chunk Uprising: The Failed Rebellion of 1827
Gays Mills Public Library Speaker Series Gays Mills Public Library, Gays Mills, Wisconsin
2023-09-16
Jean Nicolet: Rethinking the 1634 Journey to Green Bay and American Indian History in Northeastern Wisconsin
Fox River Speaker Series 2023 Marquette County Historical Society, Westfield, Wisconsin
2023-05-21
Degenerate Art in the Nazi Era
Office of Multicultural Affairs Speaker Series Milwaukee School of Engineering, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2023-05-12
Bad Axe: The Story of a Massacre, Not a Battle
Vernon County Historical Society Speaker Series Vernon County Museum, Viroqua, Wisconsin
2023-05-02
Fort Madison in Pre-Statehood Iowa: The U.S. Army as a Predecessor to Anglo-American Settlement
Iowa History 101 Series Virtual event organized by the State Historical Society of Iowa
2023-03-23
The Black Hawk War in Dodge County, 1832
Saturday Speaker Series Dodge County Historical Society, Beaver Dam, Wisconsin
2023-03-18
The Witch and Witchcraft: An Anthropological Examination
Osher Institute Speaker Series Osher Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
2023-02-07
Hitler’s Forgotten Genocide: The Soviet Union during World War II
Second Saturdays Lecture Series Sheboygan County Historical Research Center, Plymouth, Wisconsin
2023-01-14
Eyewitnesses: Early Explorers of the Fox-Wisconsin Corridor
Tuesday Night Speaker Series Historic Indian Agency House, Portage, Wisconsin
2022-09-13
Liberal Arts and the American University
Meeting of department chairs and program directors, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education Krishnancoil, Tamil Nadu, India
2022-08-06
Great Britain in the North American Great Lakes
Summer Scholars Speaker Series British Library, London, United Kingdome
2022-07-18
Seventeenth-Century Torture and Execution: Europe and Native North America Compared
Osher Institute Speaker Series Osher Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
2022-03-04
American Indian Resistance to American Settler Colonialism in the Midwest
Iowa History 101 Series, State Historical Society of Iowa Des Moines, Iowa (Virtual)
2022-01-27
Nazi-Era German Art: What Art Scholars Are Saying Now
Second Saturdays Lecture Series. Organized by the Sheboygan County Historical Research Center Plymouth, Wisconsin
2022-01-08
Nicolet, Marquette, and the Puans: The French and the Native People of the Door Peninsula in the Seventeenth Century
Maritime Speaker Series, Door County Maritime Museum Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin
2021-12-02
The French History of Wisconsin, 1634-1840
Local History Series, Brown County Library Green Bay, Wisconsin
2021-10-14
Why Conspiracy Theories Are Bunk…And Must Be Debunked
Gehra Lecture Series, Department of Humanities, Social Science, and Communication, Milwaukee School of Engineering Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2021-09-23
Hitler’s Forgotten Holocaust: The Soviet Union during World War II
Osher Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2021-09-21
Bondage in the Land of the Free: Slavery in Wisconsin Before the Civil War
Osher Lifelong Learning Institute Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2021-06-22
Misunderstood Mission of Jean Nicolet: Rethinking the 1634 Journey
Second Saturdays Lecture Series, Sheboygan County Historical Research Center Plymouth, Wisconsin
2021-04-10
The French Regime in Wisconsin: A Panel Discussion
Wisconsin Archeological Society Spring Speaker Series Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2021-04-03
Fleur-de-lis over the Badger State: The French History of Wisconsin, 1634-1763
Wisconsin Archaeological Society Spring Speaker Series Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2021-03-06
American Indian History in Northeastern Wisconsin
Rotary Club of Appleton Appleton, Wisconsin
2021-02-16
The Black Hawk War of 1832: Wisconsin’s Last Indian War
Lecture Series Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
2020-10-13
Ho-Chunk Pre-History, Proto-History, and Ethnogenesis: New Approaches to an Old Problem
Colloquium American Indian Studies Program, University of Wisconsin-Madison
2020-09-18
Red Banks: The Land and Its People
Lecture Wisconsin Land Trust, Appleton, Wisconsin
2020-09-15
Rethinking Nazi Art: What Art Scholars Are Now Saying
Lecture Series Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee
2020-07-29
The Misunderstood Journey of Jean Nicolet
History Sandwiched In Brown Bag Lunch Wisconsin Historical Museum, Madison, Wisconsin
2020-05-07
The Misunderstood Mission of Jean Nicolet: Uncovering the Story of the 1634 Journey
Author Talk MSOE Walter Schroeder Library
2019-03-22
Hidden Propaganda: German Art in the Third Reich
Panel Discussion Jewish Museum of Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
2016-04-13
Teaching Areas
American History
General survey of American history from late prehistory to the end of the twentieth century. Includes specific courses on the American Revolution and the American Civil War and Reconstruction.
Mesoamerican History
General survey of Mesoamerican history with emphasis on the Maya and Aztecs in support of a short-term trip to the Yucatan Peninsula in Mexico that allows students to learn more about Mesoamerican history.
European History, German History, and World War II
General survey of European history and a specific course on German history from prehistory to the present; also a course on the history of World War II.
Art History
General survey of European art history from the Classical Age to the present. Includes a course on German art history from the Renaissance to the twentieth century.
Cultural Anthropology
General survey of cultural anthropology that includes an overview of the concepts used in cultural anthropology and the theoretical frameworks used to interpret culture. Includes specific courses on American Indian cultures and the culture of Central America with an emphasis on health and healthcare.
Research Interests
Indian-White Relations in the North American Great Lakes Region
My research focuses on Indian-White relations in the North American Great Lakes region from the Age of Exploration to the reservation era. I have researched extensively on early French exploration of the Great Lakes as well as various conflicts including the War of 1812, the Winnebago Uprising of 1827, and the Black Hawk War of 1832.
German Art History
My research focuses particularly on twentieth-century German artists who have produced visual depictions of industry and industrial landscapes. I have written a biography of one of the most prominent German industrial artists, Erich Mercker, and I am conducting research on other industrial artists who worked contemporaneously with Mercker. Related to this is my research on Nazi-era art, as the cultural bureaucracy of the Third Reich actively patronized industrial artists in the 1930s and 1940s.
International Service-Learning and Humanitarian Experiences
Along with a research team composed of three other faculty members, I have undertaken an examination of how best to prepare undergraduate students for international service-learning experiences. Currently, my research team is conducting a ten-year longitudinal study of students who have participated in service-learning trips to various countries in Central America. The research team will use the data from this study to develop a curriculum for students who will engage in international service-learning opportunities.
Research Grants
Visiting Research Fellowship, British Library, London
Eccles Centre for American Studies £4000
2026-06-01
The Eccles Centre for American Studies provides grants to researchers who wish to visit the British Library in London to use the vast manuscript collections in the library's possession. I visited London for five weeks in the summer of 2022 to look at the papers of General Frederick Haldimand, who commanded British forces in the Great Lakes region from the 1760s to the 1780s.
Professional Summer Development Grant
MSOE Development Committee
2019-05-15
The Milwaukee School of Engineering provides grants to faculty members who develop special projects in the summer that benefit the university. I received a $6,100 grant along with three other faculty members to fund a project titled “Academic Value of Student Preparation for Short-Term Humanitarian International Experiences.” This was an IRB-approved research project to examine the effectiveness of coursework for better preparing students for short-term international humanitarian missions.
Theodore and Anna Grollmann Fund
Theodore and Anna Grollmann Fund
2016-04-15
This grant covered the costs to produce a booklet describing the various German artists whose works are part of the collection of the Grohmann Museum in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
International Leadership Initiative
Milwaukee School of Engineering
2015-01-30
The Milwaukee School of Engineering provides grants to faculty, staff, and students who develop new academic programs that include Servant-Leadership and international service-learning opportunities. The total grant received was $1,400 and was used to provide funding for myself and two other faculty members to travel to Honduras in March 2015 with fifty MSOE students to do medical and architectural service work.
Research Grant
State Historical Society of Iowa
2014-01-31
I received a grant to research and write an article for the historical journal Annals of Iowa on the history of Fort Madison, a small army post in present-day Iowa, during the War of 1812.
Committee on Baccalaureate Expansion Grant
University of Wisconsin System
2010-04-15
The University of Wisconsin System provided the Milwaukee School of Engineering a grant to develop a collaborative relationship with Saint Joan Antida High School in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. The purpose was to better prepare minority high school women for entering post-secondary education in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). I developed and wrote the proposal, served as the principal grant coordinator, and implemented the collaborative relationship between these two institutions. This program was later integrated in MSOE’s Carter Academy.
Selected Publications
XRF Examination of the Overpainting of Fascist Symbols in a Painting by Erich Mercker
npj Heritage ScienceMantouvalou, Ioanna; Na’es, Maram; Wagener, Yannick; Bauer, Magnus; Schuhbauer, Thomas; Jung, Patrick J.
2026-09-01
Erich Mercker was a successful impressionist painter in mid-20th century Germany. While his illustration of industrial subjects made him especially successful during the National Socialist (Nazi) period, his career lasted from 1920 to 1973. We present the analysis of ‘Die Stätte des 9. November’ and prove that Nazi symbolism was overpainted post-factum. Using X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy techniques in combination with a discussion of the historical context we propose that the painting, depicting a Nazi monument, was produced in November 1934 and changed after 1945. This work thus gives the first definite proof of an overpainting in Mercker’s oeuvre.
Review Essay: Men and Matriculture Among the Ho-Chunks
Matrix: A Journal for Matricultural StudiesJung, Patrick J.
2025-10-01
Two of the most important works in American Indian autobiography are Sam Blowsnake's An Autobiography of Winnebago Indian (1920), edited by Paul Radin, and Stella Blowsnake Whitepine Stacy's Mountain Wolf Woman, Sister of Crashing Thunder: The Autobiography of a Winnebago Indian (1961), edited by Nancy Oestreich Lurie. The central figures in both works are brother and sister, and together they offer an excellent ethnographic study of the relationships Ho-Chunk men developed with consanguineous relations (particularly their sisters) and affinal relations (notably their wives). They also reveal that often Ho-Chunk had more substantial relationships with their sisters and their children than with their wives and their own children.
Men and Masculinities from Matricultural Perspectives: An Introduction
Matrix: A Journal of Matricultural StudiesJung, Patrick J.
2025-10-01
This essay introduces a special issue of the journal Matrix that examines the lives of men in societies that possess strong matricultures. This is a new area of anthropological investigation, and while this issue presents new perspectives on the topic, much additional research remains to be done.
Ho-Chunk Matriculture: History, Theory, and Methodology
Matriculture, Shamanism, and the Authority of Women: The Powers That Be.Jung, Patrick J.
2025-09-01
The concept of history in deep time requires archaeological and linguistic data, Native oral histories, and documentary sources to examine the human past as far back as these sources allow. Using this methodology, the history of the Ho-Chunk people reveals that they were matrilineal from the fourteenth through the seventeenth centuries CE, until their near destruction by the Illinois Confederacy. Afterward, the fur trade and intensive contact with Central Algonquian peoples led the Ho-Chunks to shift from matrilineality to patrilineality and to more mobile village settlements, although significant matrilineal elements remained within their culture.
Nancy Oestreich Lurie: Bibliography
Histories of Anthropology AnnualJung, Patrick J.
2025-06-01
This is the most complete bibliography of the published works of anthropologist Nancy Oestreich Lurie.
Unmasking ‘The Fallacy of Misplaced Concreteness’: Nancy Lurie, Jean Nicolet, and the Ho-Chunks
Histories of Anthropology AnnualJung, Patrick J.
2025-06-01
Nancy Oestreich Lurie (1924-2017) left an indelible mark on anthropology through her work in action anthropology and her advocacy for addressing the challenges facing contemporary Native people. However, she also made important contributions to Native American history, particularly the history of the Ho-Chunk people. One of her most significant contributions was correcting the story of Jean Nicolet, the first European to meet the Ho-Chunk. Correcting the previous errors of earlier historians clarifies our understanding of the early French in the western Great Lakes and their relationships with western Great Lakes people such as the Ho-Chunks.
Bondage in the Land of Free: Slavery in Wisconsin Before the Civil War
Sheboygan County Historical Research CenterJung, Patrick J.
2023-10-13
While Wisconsin is often associated with the Union and the abolition of slavery, the institution of human bondage existed for many centuries in the state. Native people practiced a form of slavery, as did later Métis people of mixed European and Native ancestry. Large numbers of Anglo-Americans flooded into the southwestern part of the state after 1815 to mine lead, and many of them came from southern states and brought slaves. This essay examines the various manifestations of slavery that existed in Wisconsin until statehood in 1848.
Traces of the Feminine: Matriculture in the Traditional Ho-Chunk Life World
Matrix: A Journal for Matricultural StudiesJung, Patrick J.
2023-06-01
The Ho-Chunk people of the western Great Lakes region possess a culture characterized by patrilineal descent. Anthropologists have long believed patrilineality emerged after European contact and that pre-contact Ho-Chunks had a matrilineal culture. The near destruction of this society by the Illinois Confederacy in the 1640s and 1650s, followed by the introduction of the fur trade, necessitated a societal reorganization that favored smaller, mobile villages characterized by patrilineal descent in the same manner as the Ho-Chunks’ Central Algonquian neighbors. Nevertheless, symbols of the earlier matrilineal culture carried forward into the post-contact era, and the historic Ho-Chunk people retained important matrilineal elements.
Father Jacques Marquette S.J., 1637-1675: His Life and Labors
Crawford County Independent & Kickapoo ScoutJung, Patrick J.
2023-06-08
This essay ran in three parts in a newspaper published in Gays Mills, Wisconsin. It was published as part of the 350th anniversary of Father Jacques Marquette's missionary work in the western Great Lakes. This essay aimed to build public awareness of Marquette and his historical importance to the region.
American Indian Resistance to Settler Colonialism in the Western Great Lakes and Upper Mississippi Valley, 1815-1832
Annals of IowaJung, Patrick J.
2022-02-05
American Indian resistance to settler colonialism has been extensively examined by historians, but they have generally overlooked forms of anonymous resistance such as rumors and destruction of property. This article presents a new examination of Native resistance through the lens of anonymous forms of resistance.
Iowa without Borders: Iowa History from European Contact to Statehood
Annals of IowaJung, Patrick J.
2021-10-15
This article originated in a panel discussion concerning the 175th anniversary of Iowa statehood. The panel was organized by the Annals of Iowa and the State Historical Society of Iowa at the annual conference of the Midwestern History Association, May 26, 2021. This article explores the recent historiographic trends that scholars should consider when researching the history of pre-statehood Iowa.
Quantifying Hitler’s Salon: A Statistical Analysis of Subjects at the Great German Art Exhibition, 1937-1944
Humanities BulletinJung, Patrick J.
2021-07-13
In recent decades, scholars have reassessed earlier historical interpretations that argued German art produced during the Nazi era was little more than kitsch. This reassessment has occurred in part due to the increased accessibility to the various sources required to thoroughly research Nazi-era art. The availability of the artistic oeuvre of the Third Reich has been enhanced by the 2012 launch of the online database Grosse deutsche Kunstausstellung, 1937-1944. This database makes possible a quantitative analysis of the artworks exhibited at Adolf Hitler’s annual art exhibition, the Grosse deutsche Kunstausstellung (Great German Art Exhibition), from 1937 to 1944. Tabulating the information found in this database indicates that landscapes and related works constituted the dominant subject category. Portraits, nudes, and depictions of animals were also significant, but overtly political art was uncommon. The subjects of Nazi-era art reflected the racial ideology of the Third Reich, but several subject categories remain largely unexamined in this respect. This essay provides statistical evidence that supports many of the scholarly interpretations concerning these subject categories and suggests new directions for future research.
The Legend of Marquette at Holy Hill: Unmasking a Fiction
Richfield Historical SocietyJung, Patrick J.
2020-11-01
A legend persists that Father Jacques Marquette, during the course of his missionary efforts from 1673 to 1675, visited the site of Holy Hill in southeastern Wisconsin. While his published journals easily show this is demonstrably false, the origins of the legend provide a fascinating look into the early history of this location, which was sacred to both Native people and later European immigrants.
Assessment of the Value of an Academic Preparation for Short-Term International Humanitarian Missions
IST-Africa 2020 Conference ProceedingsJung, Patrick J., Carlson-Oehlers, Victoria, and Cohen, Bernard A.
2020-07-20
Short-term international humanitarian missions (STIHMs) are an increasingly common phenomenon by which volunteers from developed countries provide aid to residents of less-developed countries. Before conducting a STIHM, participants should learn about the host culture as well as ethical principles that obviate against the development of a savior complex. The authors present the results of a study that examines the effectiveness of an academic preparatory course for undergraduate students who participate in STIHMs. The results demonstrate that such a course ensures participants have a greater knowledge of the host culture, a stronger ethical framework, and more confidence concerning their participation.
'The Path to Glory is Rough’: The Causes and Course of the Black Hawk War, 1804-1832.
Sheboygan County Historical Research CenterJung, Patrick J.
2020-04-15
American Indian societies in the trans-Appalachian West developed an ideology of resistance to American settler colonialism in the eighteenth century that culminated in the Indian-British alliance during the War of 1812. Leaders such as the Sauk warrior Black Hawk continued this tradition in the decades that followed. While he hoped to retain the Sauk homeland east of the Mississippi River through a peaceful show of force, a series of events in the spring and summer of 1832 resulted the war that bears his name.
The Misunderstood Mission of Jean Nicolet: Uncovering the Story of the 1634 Journey
Wisconsin Historical PressJung, Patrick J.
2018-09-24
The story of Jean Nicolet’s 1634 journey to the western Great Lakes rests on a thin evidentiary foundation that forced early historians to proffer erroneous conclusions concerning his westward mission. Later scholars repeated these errors until they were accepted as unequivocal facts. Peeling away these fictions reveals a story that is more interesting and more complicated. Of particular importance to understanding Nicolet is examining the life and career of his superior, Samuel de Champlain, whose diplomatic objectives are crucial to interpreting Nicolet’s journey. Gaining a clearer understanding of Nicolet’s 1634 voyage also provides a window into the protohistory of the Native peoples of the western Great Lakes.
The Scope of Early Twentieth-Century German Industrial Art: Works in the Grohmann Museum of Art
H-Net: Labor ArtsJung, Patrick J.
2017-09-18
Adolph Menzel's famous painting Eisenwalzerz (Iron-Rolling Mill, 1872-1875) is considered one of the greatest works of German Realism as it sought to depict, in an authentic manner, the difficult and dangerous work of the industrial worker. It also sought to glorify Germany's economic and industrial might. These two themes—authentic depictions of industrial workers, and industry as a symbol of German national strength—are found in many works in the Grohmann Museum. Inspired by Menzel, other German industrial artists such as Josef Jünger, Willy Nus, Fritz Gärtner, Otto Bollhagen, and Erich Mercker continued to produce visual representations of German industry during the first half of the twentieth century. The Grohmann Museum possesses many excellent examples of works by these artists.
Lonely Sentinel: A Military History of Fort Madison, 1808-1813
Annals of IowaJung, Patrick J.
2016-06-01
Fort Madison was the first American fort in upper Mississippi Valley and the site of one of the westernmost battles of the War of 1812. Significantly, it was the only army post in present-day Iowa ever to be attacked by Indians. Scholars who have studied Fort Madison generally agree that its location was its greatest liability. An examination of Fort Madison’s short history reveals the military weaknesses the United States in the upper Mississippi Valley in the era of the War of 1812 and explains the various military setbacks the young republic experienced at the hands of Indian-British alliance during the conflict.
Erich Mercker and Technical Subjects: A Landscape and Industrial Artist in Twentieth-Century Germany
MSOE PressJung, Patrick J., and Stahnke, Carma M.
2014-09-15
Erich Mercker’s life and work as a German artist in the first half of the twentieth century offers a window into two under-researched facets of German art history. First, he was one of a handful of artists who, in the spirit of Adolph Menzel, believed the industrial landscape constituted a subject worthy of artistic representation. Second, the Nazi state patronized many of these artists during the 1930s and 1940s, and this propelled Mercker and other industrial artists to great renown during the era of the Third Reich. A growing body of scholarship argues that Nazi-era art exhibited many modernist attributes, and this included the many pieces of industrial art purchased and commissioned by the Nazi state.
Toward the Black Hawk War: The Sauk and Fox Indians and the War of 1812
Michigan Historical ReviewJung, Patrick J.
2012-04-01
Like most Indian tribes in the Old Northwest, the Sauk and Fox (also known as Meskwaki) allied with the British during the War of 1812. This resulted in the development of ideology of resistance among the two tribes as they contested American settler colonialism in the decades after the conflict. This ideology resulted in the short-lived Winnebago Uprising of 1827, and it remained evident among the Sauks and Foxes as well. Moreover, it prompted the Sauk war leader Black Hawk to resist removal westward in 1832 during the conflict that bears his name.
Black Hawk War (1832)
The Encyclopedia of WarJung, Patrick J.
2012-01-01
The Black Hawk War was the last Indian war fought in Wisconsin and Illinois between May and August 1832. The Sauk warrior Black Hawk led the Indian forces while Brigadier General Henry Atkinson commanded the US forces (which consisted mostly of militia volunteers). The war could have been avoided because Black Hawk did not intend to initiate a conflict. However, the lack of discipline exhibited by the militia brought about an escalation. Throughout the war, Black Hawk's forces were generally outnumbered by the militia and US Army regulars, and this proved decisive.
The Battle of Wisconsin Heights, 1832: Thunder on the Wisconsin
The History PressJung, Patrick J.
2011-05-30
The brief war that Black Hawk waged against the United States in 1832 saw half of the people under his leadership killed in savage massacres and the entire Sauk tribe removed to Iowa. Yet this dismal outcome cannot obscure the superb military leadership that Black Hawk demonstrated during many phases of the war. His crowning glory occurred at a place called Wisconsin Heights, where his force of about 120 warriors held off an estimated 700 American militia volunteers while the women, children and elderly under his protection escaped across the Wisconsin River.
The Black Hawk War of 1832
University of Oklahoma PressJung, Patrick J.
2007-10-15
In 1832, facing white expansion, the Sauk war leader Black Hawk attempted to forge a pan-Indian alliance to preserve the homelands of the confederated Sauk and Fox tribes on the eastern bank of the Mississippi. This book re-examines the causes, course, and consequences of the ensuing war with the United States, a conflict that decimated Black Hawk's band. Correcting mistakes that plagued previous histories and drawing on recent ethnohistorical interpretations, this book argues that the outcome of this conflict can be understood only by examining the complexity of intertribal rivalry, military ineptitude, and racial dynamics.
The Creation of Métis Society: French-Indian Intermarriage in the Upper Great Lakes
Voyageur: Northeast Wisconsin’s Historical ReviewJung, Patrick J.
2003-03-15
The fur trade in the Great Lakes region resulted in European men, predominantly French, engaging in unions with Native women. These unions blended French and Native marital customs and became known as "the custom of the country." Moreover, the children of these unions were the Métis, whose society combined both European and Native customs.
James Duane Doty and Wisconsin’s First Court: The Additional Court of Michigan Territory, 1823 to 1836
Wisconsin Magazine of HistoryJung, Patrick J.
2003-01-01
Judge Duane James Doty presided over the Additional Court of Michigan Territory, the first federal court west of Lake Michigan. During his tenure, he oversaw cases involving Native people, mixed-race Métis of European and Native ancestry, and early Anglo-Americans who came to the region after 1815. This article examines the impact of introducing Anglo-American law on the region.
The Mixed-Race Métis of the Great Lakes Region and Early Milwaukee
Milwaukee HistoryJung, Patrick J.
2002-09-30
The Métis were people of mixed Native and European ancestry in the Great Lakes region. Their ethnogenesis resulted from the fur trade beginning in the seventeenth century. While they possessed an identity built on both their Native and European heritages, they saw themselves largely in non-racial terms and tied to the fur trade society. The influx of large numbers of Anglo-Americans with much more rigid racial categories resulted in many Métis having to choose between the Native families or a future in a largely Anglo-dominated world.
A Connecticut Yankee in the Wisconsin Wilderness: Levi Warrington’s Western Odyssey.”
Connecticut HistoryJung, Patrick J.
2000-04-15
Levi Warrington was born in Connecticut and joined the U.S. Army in 1820. He was stationed at Fort Howard at Green Bay in Michigan Territory. He received his discharge after two years of service and remained in Green Bay. Warrington's life in what was considered the frontier in the early American republic highlights the nature of the society of which he became a member. He became employed in the local fur trade and married a Menominee woman. Warrington's life demonstrates the kind of activities common among early Yankee settlers in the region prior to the sale of public lands in the 1830s.
The Thompson Submachine Gun in Ireland During and After the Anglo-Irish War: The New Evidence
The Irish Sword: Journal of the Military History Society of IrelandJung, Patrick J.
1998-12-01
During the Anglo-Irish War of 1919-1921, Irish and Irish-American operatives smuggled weapons to Irish guerrillas fighting for Ireland's independence. One of the most significant weapons was the Thompson Submachine Gun, one of the first fully automatic handheld weapons developed. While they only arrived in small numbers toward the end of the conflict, the "Tommy Gun" achieved a lasting presence in the history and lore of the Anglo-Irish War.
The Responsibilities Program of the FBI, 1951-1955
The HistorianThom, Cathleen; Jung, Patrick J.
1997-12-01
This article examines the history of FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover's Responsibilities Program, which was an extralegal surveillance program designed to harass those whom Hoover deemed to be "subversives. This program set the stage for a larger, more all-encompassing effort known as the Counterintelligence Programs (COINTELPROs), which the FBI conducted from the 1950s to the 1970s.
To Extend Fair and Impartial Justice to the Indian: Native Americans and the Additional Court of Michigan Territory, 1823-1836
Michigan Historical ReviewJung, Patrick J.
1997-09-01
The United States established its first federal court west of Lake Michigan in 1823. Known as the Additional Court of Michigan Territory, the court heard many Native American cases. With help from sympathetic attorneys, Native people quickly learned to navigate the court and often won important cases.
A Valuable and Dependable Little Navy: The British Upper Great Lakes Fleet during the American Revolution
Inland SeasJung, Patrick J.
1997-06-15
During the American Revolution, the British had only a few hundred soldiers in the western Great Lakes. To project military power more effectively, they built a small fleet of warships to manage their armed forces and provide much-needed logistical support to their far-flung army outposts.

