Rahul Tongia
Adjunct Professor Carnegie Mellon University
- Pittsburgh PA
Rahul Tongia's research focuses on infrastructure and technology for sustainable development.
Biography
Areas of Expertise
Media Appearances
Can Developing Economies Have High Growth Without Using Coal? A Debate. | Journal Reports
The Wall Street Journal online
2023-02-06
In the debate that follows, Jason Bordoff, co-founding dean of the Columbia Climate School, argues that developing countries can eliminate coal and still reach economic growth targets. The opposing view, that coal will have to remain part of the energy mix for those nations to reach growth targets, is argued by Rahul Tongia, senior fellow at the Centre for Social and Economic Progress, a New Delhi-based nonprofit think tank, and senior fellow (nonresident) at the Brookings Institution.
Can natural gas play the role of a ‘bridge’ fuel in India’s energy transition? | Guest Article
Financial Express online
2021-07-07
India’s share of gas stands at just over 6 percent, low compared to the global average, and only aggressive growth in gas can bring India closer to its target.
Old King Coal is Dead – Long Live The King
Saur Energy online
2020-09-26
Coal is the dominant source of energy in India because it’s locally available and has historically b...
Media
Social
Industry Expertise
Education
Brown University
B.S.
Electrical Engineering
1995
Carnegie Mellon University
Ph.D.
Engineering and Public Policy
1998
Articles
Current and future estimates of marginal emission factors for Indian power generation
Environmental Science & Technology2022
Emission factors from Indian electricity remain poorly characterized, despite known spatial and temporal variability. Limited publicly available emissions and generation data at sufficient detail make it difficult to understand the consequences of emissions to climate change and air pollution, potentially missing cost-effective policy designs for the world’s third largest power grid. We use reduced-form and full-form power dispatch models to quantify current (2017–2018) and future (2030–2031) marginal CO2, SO2, NOX, and PM2.5 emission factors from Indian power generation.
Sustained cost declines in solar PV and battery storage needed to eliminate coal generation in India
Environmental Research Letters2022
Unabated coal power in India must be phased out by mid-century to achieve global climate targets under the Paris Agreement. Here we estimate the costs of hybrid power plants—lithium-ion battery storage with wind and solar PV—to replace coal generation. We design least cost mixes of these technologies to supply stylized baseload and load-following generation profiles in three Indian states—Karnataka, Gujarat, and Tamil Nadu. Our analysis shows that availability of low cost capital, solar PV capital costs of at least $250 kW− 1, and battery storage capacity costs at least 50% cheaper than current levels will be required to phase out existing coal power plants.
Subnational implications from climate and air pollution policies in India’s electricity sector
Science2022
Emissions of greenhouse gases and air pollutants in India are important contributors to climate change and health damages. This study estimates current emissions from India’s electricity sector and simulates the state-level implications of climate change and air pollution policies. We find that (i) a carbon tax results in little short-term emissions reductions because there is not enough dispatchable lower emission spare capacity to substitute coal; (ii) moving toward regional dispatch markets rather than state-level dispatch decisions will not lead to emissions reductions; (iii) policies that have modest emissions effects at the national level nonetheless have disparate state-level emissions impacts; and (iv) pricing or incentive mechanisms tied to production or consumption will result in markedly different costs to states.
Historical wind power in Karnataka differs from predictive models: A granular analysis of performance across climatology, technology, and location
Energy for Sustainable Development2023
Wind power constitutes one of the largest forms of renewable energy in India. Many operational models have predicted wind energy in India, but most rely on satellite reanalysis data. In contrast, this paper examines historical generation data at an unprecedented granularity to understand its potential and variance. We find actual wind capacity factor (CF) during the Indian Summer Monsoon to be less than half that predicted in NREL’s recent landmark production cost modeling study.
Inequality in air pollution mortality from power generation in India
Environmental Research Letters2022
India's coal-heavy electricity system is the world's third largest and a major emitter of air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. Consequently, it remains a focus of decarbonization and air pollution control policy. Considerable heterogeneity exists between states in India in terms of electricity demand, generation fuel mix, and emissions. However, no analysis has disentangled the expected, state-level spatial differences and interactions in air pollution mortality under current and future power sector policies in India.
