Kevin Hughes, PhD
Professor of Historical Theology; Chairperson, Theology and Religious Studies | College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Kevin Hughes, PhD, is a frequent commentator on Catholicism and contemporary culture.
Pope Leo XIVPope FrancisSt. AugustineRessourcement TheologyAncient and Medieval Theology and Spirituality
Jaisy A. Joseph, PhD
Assistant Professor of Theology and Religious Studies | College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Jaisy A. Joseph, PhD, is an expert in the study of unity and difference in the global church, synodality and the Eastern Catholic churches.
Pope Leo XIVEastern Catholic ChurchesSynodalityAsian/Asian American TheologyPostcolonial/Decolonial Theory
Paul Camacho, PhD
Associate Teaching Professor of Philosophy; Associate Director, Augustinian Institute | College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Paul Camacho, PhD, is an expert on St. Augustine, the Catholic intellectual tradition and the philosophies of love and religion.
St. AugustinePope Leo XIVCatholic Intellectual TraditionPhilosophy of LovePhilosophy of Religion
Michael Moreland, JD, PhD
Professor of Law and Religion; Director, Eleanor H. McCullen Center for Law, Religion and Public Policy | Charles Widger School of Law
Michael Moreland, JD, PhD, is an expert in the areas of law and religion, free speech, constitutional law and bioethics.
Supreme CourtFree SpeechSupreme Court Nomination ProcessLaw and ReligionConstitutional Law
Ilia Delio, OSF, PhD
Josephine C. Connelly Endowed Chair in Theology | College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Sister Ilia Delio, OSF, PhD, works to find a new unity and synthesis in science and religion.
TheologyNeuroscienceArtificial Intelligence and BecomingCulture and ReligionCatholicity
Patrick McKinley Brennan, JD
Professor of Law; John F. Scarpa Chair in Catholic Legal Studies | Charles Widger School of Law
Patrick McKinley Brennan, JD, is an expert in Christian legal thought, constitutional law and religion and the law.
Catholic ChurchCommon-Good ConstitutionalismCatholic Legal StudiesPolitical FriendshipConstitutional Law
Luca Cottini, PhD
Professor of Italian Studies | College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Luca Cottini, PhD, is a scholar of 20th-century Italian design and literature and the creator of the YouTube channel "Italian Innovators."
Italian DesignItalian Industry & AdvertisingEntrepreneurship & InnovationDesign ThinkingItalian Literature
Héctor M. Varela Rios, PhD
Assistant Professor of Theology; Raquel and Alfonso Martínez-Fonts Endowed Assistant Professor in Latin American Studies | College of Liberal Arts and Sciences
Héctor Varela Rios, PhD, specializes in Latinx theology, constructive theologies and religion and material culture.
Latinx TheologyTheories of ReligionConstructive and Lived TheologiesReligion and Material CulturePuerto Rican Culture
Matthew Manion
The David Grenon Family Faculty Director, Center for Church Management; Professor of Practice, Management & Operations | Villanova School of Business
Matthew Manion provides world-class leadership training and consulting to the Catholic Church.
Management & LeadershipEthicsCatholic Social TeachingChurch ManagementChurch Finance
Papacy Experts
Expert insight into Pope Leo XIV's papacy, the Vatican and the global Catholic Church
Villanova University connects media and collaborators with faculty and scholars who study the papacy and its influence across history, theology, culture and global affairs. Our papacy experts bring deep context on the Vatican, Pope Leo XIV, Church leadership, Catholic social teaching and the evolving role of the Pontiff in a changing world. Explore experts ready to provide timely insight, background and analysis for your next story, event or collaboration.
Expert Insight
Fresh perspectives and timely insights on the Papacy.
Q&A
Browse the Q&As below for expert answers and context on questions related to the papacy
- What is Pope Leo XIV's communication style, and what impact could it have in successful discourse with global audiences?
In his language to diplomats and about matters of international concern, Pope Leo is notably good at articulating and reaffirming the principles that Catholics insist must guide decision-making, without getting down into the conclusions at a contestable level. The way he speaks and his presence could make it easier to discuss such sensitive topics. There were times when Pope Francis would talk off the cuff and give exaggerated responses, which would sometimes cause [the Vatican] to have to backtrack. With Leo, it's always careful. I think he sees his job to be a model of deliberation, care and unequivocal commitment to first principles that everybody should live by.
Pope Francis was very prophetic, and he had a spiritual charism—there was a freedom there. He saw where the Church needed to go. He saw that it was too sluggish, too staid and too reserved, and his Laudato si' encyclical was really groundbreaking in what it could call us to... A fear with Pope Leo is that he's going to be too moderate and too much of a statesman. He wants to keep everyone happy and together, but I don't think "The universal Church is universal" approach works anymore. Because it's such a very large, complex world, it's very hard to hold together something that is unifying. Unity can only work locally.
Pope Leo is cautious, but he is still bold. He has still spoken out on Russia and Ukraine, the situation in the Middle East and all of that. And his caution is not out of fear; it's a caution out of truly wanting to listen before speaking. If anything, I think he's modeling a hunger for a "spirituality of we," and he's also insisting that we need silence for a little bit. It's a lot of noise, but the silence is going to help us understand what's that next step we take together.
- How does Pope Leo XIV embody the idea of a global Church?
For a long time, because the Church has been run in Italian and the Pope speaks Italian, there has been a kind of implicit sense that Italians own the Church and that all other expressions of Catholicism are not the "real thing." Pope Leo XIV brings this sense of the universal Church that is much needed, and his ability to speak English, Spanish, French and Italian emphasizes that. I think one of the reasons that he was chosen as Pope is because of his global exposure and global understanding, not just from his time spent in Peru but also from his experience as Prior General of the Order of Saint Augustine. He traveled to many different places in this role and gained an understanding of the different cultures that are part of the body of Christ and of the Church, and the different voices that exist and challenge us to think differently.
- What themes does Pope Leo XIV carry into his papacy from his namesake, Pope Leo XIII?
Pope Leo XIII was known as the "Pope of the East." He was actually listening to many of the patriarchs at the time who were opposed to a lot of the colonization that was happening—and Latinization. So, in my mind, it's notable that one of Pope Leo XIV's first addresses was to the Eastern Catholic Churches and that his first papal visit was to celebrate the 1700th anniversary of Nicaea [an ecumenical council that was among the first efforts to attain theological consensus among Christians]. To me, it signals his recognition of the concentric circles of unity that are needed. First of all, we Catholics have to figure out our own unity. But then what does it mean to be in right relationship with Churches that have equal dignity in terms of their apostolic heritage and have drifted away for historical reasons? I think Pope Leo XIV is trying to listen to the cry of our generation, and younger generations, and help us all discern what is the right response.
Leo XIII had followed Saint Augustine in saying that there can be no peace, except peace understood as a "tranquility of order," where order means that all things are ordered according to the will of Christ. What Leo XIII thought we needed to do is to find that and try to order our individual lives and our lives as a Church, so that the world can live in peace. Leo XIV also picks up on themes like that a lot. His first words on the on the loggia on May 8, 2025, were, "Peace be with you all!" And he keeps coming back to that, time after time, understanding that peace isn't just the absence of conflict. Peace is things being rightly ordered, and "rightly ordered" means a world in which people love each other, including through law and politics.
There are a few big themes, the first being migration. Pope Leo XIII saw emigration, which was actually forbidden by the Church, as an opportunity to build a new idea of the Church and extend its influence on the international scale. He took a really important stand to defend migrants, especially Italian migrants, at the time of the Great Italian Immigration, because he saw them as missionaries who could bring their faith to the United States. Pope Leo XIV carries that same instinct—he sees immigrants not as a plight, but rather as an opportunity to make contact with new worlds.From the European perspective, the commercial expansion of the U.S. and its westward growth was viewed with some fear during Leo XIII's papacy. Leo XIII again viewed this expansion as an opportunity, and he oversaw the establishment of new dioceses from Kansas westward in the U.S. He praised the development and mission of the American Church while also recognizing the hesitations many had about the new world. Leo XIV also has somewhat of a mixed relationship with the United States. He grew up in the U.S. but primarily lived in Peru, so he observed the U.S. from the outside and has a critical lens of the country. He recognizes both the insider and outsider perspective of the U.S.
- What stands out regarding Pope Leo XIV's elevation of John Henry Newman to Doctor of the Church?
There are a lot of noteworthy things about Pope Leo elevating Newman to be a Doctor of the Church. He was an Anglican by birth who converted to Roman Catholicism. He was someone from the English-speaking world—England specifically—not from continental Europe, and he was from the 19th century, which is relatively recent in this context. But the pope's action also highlighted Newman's role in education. He was a person of the university; an intellectual and a major figure in 19th-century theology. After Newman converted in 1845, he became a priest and was most famous for his writings. He had a voluminous product of writing on all kinds of issues, including his famous book called "The Idea of a University." At the Mass making him a Doctor of the Church during the Jubilee of Education, Pope Leo also made Newman the co-patron saint of Catholic education, alongside Saint Thomas Aquinas. Education is one of the major focuses of the Church, but it's also something Pope Leo has been formed by in important ways: as a seminary rector, seminary professor and as part of the Order of Saint Augustine, which values education highly. I think Pope Leo elevating Newman to a Doctor of the Church signifies the emphasis he is going to place on education during his papacy.
Pope Leo XIII's first act of government was to make John Henry Newman a Cardinal. John Henry Newman was a convert from Anglicanism to Catholicism in mid-19th century England, and he became really important as a theologian because he established what he calls the "evolution of the doctrine"—the idea that the deposit of faith is not something immobile, but something that grows in awareness over time. Newman became a saint during the pontificate of Benedict XVI, who really loved him and understood the theological impact of his work. This year, Pope Leo XIV confirmed this impact by making John Henry Newman Doctor of the Church. So, both Leos recognized this important theologian and his contributions to Catholicism within the first year of their papacy. This is a really astonishing resemblance between our current pope and his namesake.
Experts in the News
"I don't know if I have seen a statement, a homily, an apostolic letter or exhortation that doesn't reference Augustine," said Paul Camacho, associate director of the Augustinian Institute at Villanova University, Leo's Augustinian-run alma mater outside Philadelphia.
Kevin Hughes, a professor of theology at Villanova University, said Leo's words hark back to specific elements of the teaching of Augustine, particularly in his monumental work, "The City of God."
"By modeling peace as a 'humble and disarming' force, the pope not only draws global attention to the region's suffering but also positions the African Church as a trusted mediator for reconciliation," said Jaisy A. Joseph, a theologian at Villanova University
"He jumped over a whole century, back to the name of a pope, who died in 1903, who left the Church a huge legacy of deep understanding of the place of a human person and the Catholic Church in the modern world," said Villanova Law's Patrick Brennan, a Pope Leo XIII scholar.
According to Pope Leo XIV, Villanova's Center for Church Management was offering something the Church urgently needed: practical training for the real-world leadership responsibilities that define modern bishop life. "We wouldn't have been able to do the pilot without Pope Leo's invitation and blessing," said Matthew Manion, the Grenon Family Faculty Director of the Center.
"With the selection of his name, Pope Leo XIV has reached back to Leo XIII, who laid the foundation for modern Catholic social teaching with the 1891 encyclical, Rerum novarum, a document that focused on labor, capital and human dignity." Tia Noelle Pratt is special assistant to the vice president of Mission and Ministry and director of mission engagement and strategic initiatives at Villanova.