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My own research is on the centers of galaxies, particularly their central black holes. Most supermassive black holes don’t do very much. Like the one in the center of our galaxy, they sit there, taking in matter when it gets too close, but they don’t take in much matter or have bright accretion flows because matter isn’t being forced inside.One of the questions I’m most interested in is, what causes a black hole to become active, take in lots of material and have bright accretion flows? We can only study that with the kinds of multi-scale views of a galaxy that Euclid is providing. I also study jets: large and energetic flows of matter coming out of the centers of galaxies that are actively accreting. Euclid’s wide-angle view is going to give us an appreciation of their structure and impact on surrounding matter in new ways we’ve never been able to look at before.

The view they show of these objects is strikingly different from what other observatories, in particular Hubble and James Webb Space Telescope (JWST), show, for a few reasons.First of all, JWST and Hubble offer deeper, higher-resolution views, with JWST specifically being an infrared telescope, whereas Hubble and Euclid primarily operate in the optical and near infrared. Euclid was built with a very wide-angle camera, so it gives you a unique view. With any of these images, download them at maximum resolution, starting at the widest possible view, then pick four or five regions and zoom in step by step. What you get when you do this is really powerful. You see the broader picture (on a much wider scale than Hubble or JWST can offer), and then you zoom in and get the high-resolution view at close to Hubble’s or JWST’s resolution, but not its depth, as Euclid tends to concentrate on that wide-angle view.Second, each image shows some amazing things about the objects they capture. Whether you’re talking about the image of M78 – a star formation region in our own galaxy – where you see the distribution of gas and newly born stars on a scale we’ve never seen before, or NGC 6744 – a fairly typical, massive spiral galaxy that isn’t too different from our own – where we get a glimpse of the galaxy that is both wide and deep in a way we’ve never done before. Or take the clusters Abell 2390 and Abell 2764, where we see an enormous number of galaxies, both in the cluster center and behind it, as well as in the clusters’ outskirts. Finally, the combination of the wide-angle lens and Euclid’s close-up view allows you to see both the large-scale distribution of matter as well as the fine details. In the case of an object in our own galaxy, like M78, we see a fascinating large-scale structure, with huge amounts of gas and stars and lots of clumps and filaments of gas. But then zoom in and you see amazing detail – new stars being born, lighting up the gas and clearing it out to reveal other stars nearby, filaments within filaments. The detail is just amazing.Or take the Abell 2764 cluster image, where they picked a region where the cluster center is off in one corner. This allows you to see not only the cluster center and outskirts, lots of galaxies in each region of the cluster, the arcs and distorted shapes of the galaxies behind, who have their light bent by gravity, but other things. Move over to the bright star in the lower left-hand part of the image, and you see not only the star, but also a gravitationally lensed arc, and lots of galaxies underneath it. You can do this with each of the images, and it’s just really powerful.

What’s different about these images is their wide-angle view, as well as the fact that they are in the optical and near-infrared. JWST is specifically an infrared telescope. Any image you see from JWST is in a different band – a significantly longer wavelength – so you’re looking more through the dust and at cooler stars or gas. Euclid would show you the larger scale distribution of the stuff, and of course if the stars or gas is warmer. And then, there’s the wide-angle versus very deep and fine-scale – take any image, and those two views give you widely different illustrations. It’s the same thing here. Euclid also has a second instrument that allows it to take low-resolution spectra of the sky, so it will be able to give us not just a wide-angle view, but a wide-angle, 3D view, measuring also the distance of objects on a large scale.

What these images do is to give us a view of both dark matter and dark energy (the term for the unknown source of the universe’s expansion) that is much broader scale than anything we’ve ever seen. Dark matter, for example, interacts with normal matter via gravity alone. It emits no light. So, the only way we can see it is by looking at the distribution of matter and observing what it does to light via gravity. If we do this on both the large and small scales, we look at how it clumps together, and maybe we’ll be able to discover if that is different from normal matter. Dark energy is also difficult to study. It seems to affect how the expansion of the universe changes with time, but we have no idea what it is, or how it has evolved in history. This large-scale, 3D view will help us try to understand how dark energy has evolved, whether it has changed with time, and what the relationship of dark energy and dark matter may be.

Jill Gugino Panté, director of the Lerner Career Services Center at the University of Delaware, says boredom at work could definitely be a sign that you are not interested in what you’re doing and/or the direction of the department/ company. She added the following:There is nothing more UN-motivating than not believing in what you’re doing and who you’re doing it for. This lack of motivation or shared sense of purpose could easily turn into boredom because employees will revert to doing the basic tasks expected of them. They will go through the motions of completing their work and avoiding contributing creative or innovative ideas. For employees who find themselves in this position, some self-reflection is in order. Do a likes and dislikes inventory of your job responsibilities, company, supervisor and co-workers. Turn that “likes” column into the blueprint of creating a new path for yourself.

Expert comment on Baltimore bridge collapse"The Francis Scott Key Bridge is a metal truss bridge with a suspended deck, and from videos shown by the media it seems that the vessel has hit a main pier of the bridge. The main piers rest on soil underwater and they are part of the foundations of the bridge."This type of bridge is not designed to redistribute loads in the event of a main pier collapsing and therefore videos show there is a progressive collapse of the bridge (bridge elements fail after other bridge elements had failed)."Maybe if the vessel had hit a small section of the suspended deck the bridge would have been able to survive the collision but not a main pier."I am assuming the first line of investigation will be to understand why the vessel could not avoid the pier when there were no other vessels around." Dr Marina Bock BEng MEng PhD PGCert FHEA CEng MICELecturer in Structural Engineering, Aston UniversityFor further details or to speak to Dr Bock contact Nicola Jones Press and Communications Manager College of Engineering and Physical Sciences Aston University, Birmingham n.jones6@aston.ac.uk or Mobile: (+44)7825 342091

The lending entities that do not check applicants' credit histories basically provide a one-size-fits-all option. Meaning, that regardless of one's credit worthiness, all applicants will be charged a high enough rate to make it beneficial for the lending entity. This means that one should expect the interest rates that will be charged are in the predatory range. Also, many of these loans may require an applicant to provide collateral. The loan contracts for these lending entities are structured to ensure they [the lending entities] come out ahead, either by receiving extraordinarily high payments [due to the high interest being charged] or by taking ownership of the collateral once the applicant defaults. It is a win-win for the lending entity.

“It’s not just the capacity of the port, that’s one thing, but it’s also their capacity of the outbound items. It may be more trucks are needed and new routes are needed to move inventory. It now becomes a whole different set of providers for the trucks because it’s no longer the people in Baltimore.”

“Most ports on the East Coast are at 70% to 80% capacity, which is where you want to be. You don’t want to have much more than that, but they’re going to have to,” said Franza. “It could affect a good bit of the eastern half of the United States.”

It strengthens existing friendships and can also open up one’s world by conversing with strangers. My colleagues and I did a research study where we found a student living in a rural area where most people did not go to college who wanted to go college because he was inspired by the older college students he was playing with. Playing the game in supportive environments can be mentally and socially beneficial.