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UC Irvine’s Daniele Piomelli provides expert view on federal reclassification of cannabis
As the White House moves to reclassify cannabis under federal law from a schedule I to a schedule III, questions remain about how the change could affect medical use, public health, research, and regulation. UC Irvine’s Daniele Piomelli, PhD, an internationally recognized cannabis researcher, is available to comment on the implications of the policy shift. Piomelli is a distinguished professor of anatomy and neurobiology at the University of California, Irvine, the Louise Turner Arnold Chair in the neurosciences, and director of the UCI Center for the Study of Cannabis. Piomelli has more than 30 years of experience studying cannabis, THC and the endocannabinoid system, with research spanning basic neuroscience, pharmacology and translational science. He is editor in chief of Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research and has testified before the U.S. Senate on cannabis-related research and policy. He can provide perspective on: • What federal reclassification may change for medical cannabis and scientific research • Differences between THC, CBD and other cannabinoids • Potential public health benefits and risks of cannabis legalization • Cannabis exposure and the developing brain, including adolescence • Regulatory and research challenges tied to cannabis policy Piomelli is available for interviews or background conversations. Email: piomelli@hs.uci.edu
A year in the spotlight: University of Delaware’s most notable media mentions of 2025
In 2025, the University of Delaware had many exceptional media mentions. Here are some of the most notable. Science coverage dominated Where will the next big hurricane hit? Ask the sharks. (The Washington Post) – Aaron Carlisle, a marine ecologist, was featured for his revolutionary work using sharks to predict major weather events. Scientists could soon lose a key tool for studying Antarctica's melting ice sheets as climate risks grow (NBC News) – Carlos Moffat, an associate professor and oceanographer, spoke about the national budget and how it's impacting climate research. These Katrina Survivors Feel Overlooked. Now, They’re Using TikTok to Tell Their Stories (Rolling Stone) – Jennifer Trivedi, a disaster researcher, spoke about why Hurricane Katrina was such a major story. Malala Yousafzai, Migration and Sustainability (Forbes) – Saleem Ali, a professor of energy and environment, contributed regularly to Forbes on environmental topics. Scientists went hunting for freshwater deep beneath the Atlantic Ocean. What they found could have global implications (CNN) – Holly Michael, a professor of Earth sciences and civil and environmental engineering, spoke about the history of freshwater. Engineering Professor Answers Electric Car Questions (WIRED) – Willett Kempton, a professor of engineering, joined WIRED to answer the internet's most interesting questions about electric cars. Plastic shopping bag policies are actually working, a new study suggests (CNN) – Kimberly Oremus, associate professor of marine science and policy, was featured in several major outlets on the effectiveness of plastic bag bans. Insects are dying: here are 25 easy and effective ways you can help protect them (The Guardian) – Douglas Tallamy, an entomologist, was featured in dozens of outlets for his expertise. Political news coverage was front and center U.S. Chamber of Commerce sues Trump administration over $100,000 H-1B visa fees (NPR) – Daniel Kinderman, a political science professor, was interviewed for his expertise on a lawsuit involving changes in work visas. The government shutdown is over, but expect more fights and higher insurance prices to come (Delaware Public Media) – David Redlawsk, a political psychologist, discussed the recent government shutdown and what an end to it signals. Wrestling Over Charlie Kirk’s Legacy and the Divide in America (The New York Times) – Dannagal Young, a communications professor, commented on how media reacted to the death of Charlie Kirk. Consequences for colleges whose students carry mountains of debt? Republicans say yes (NPR) – Dominique Baker, associate professor of education, was quoted in multiple national outlets for her education expertise. General expertise came in clutch Why the U.S. struggles with passenger service despite having the most rail lines (NPR) – Allan Zarembski, a professor of railroad engineering, was featured in dozens of national publications for his expertise. From folklore to your front porch: The history of the jack-o'-lantern (NPR) – Cindy Ott, an associate professor of history, detailed the history of this autumn staple in multiple outlets. Nexstar Media Group buying Tegna in deal worth $6.2 billion (AP) – Danilo Yanich, professor of public policy, noted the ways the media giant duplicates work across networks. Warren Buffett hired Todd Combs to take over Berkshire's portfolio one day. Here's what close watchers say about his surprise exit. (Business Insider) – Lawrence Cunningham, director of UD's Weinberg Center, was featured throughout the year for his business and economic expertise. Enlighten Me: How to make your holidays truly happy (Delaware Public Media) – Amit Kumar, a professor of marketing, discussed strategies for finding happiness during the holidays throughout the winter season. Students and their stories shined throughout the year Networking: Is it what you know or who you know? (The Chronicle of Higher Education) – UD's career-development office, which assists students on their job journeys, was featured. U of Delaware Creates Yearlong Co-Ops for Business Students (Inside Higher Ed) – A new partnership with the state of Delaware connects business students to local employers, with the goal of reducing brain drain in the region was featured. Wilmington’s 'STEM Queen' earns national Obama–Chesky honor (The News Journal/Delaware Online) – Jacqueline Means, a management information systems major, was featured for earning a national recognition. Vita Nova Restaurant Gives Culinary Students Hands-on Training (Delaware Today) – The student-staffed restaurant, Vita Nova, was featured. Delaware professor transforms writing class by teaching students to use AI as the technology reshapes the workforce (WHYY) – Matt Kinservik, a professor of English, was featured for teaching students to use AI responsibly, exploring its capabilities and fact-checking tools. Pop culture experts weighed in 'Stranger Things' expert at UD chats about Netflix show's appeal (The News Journal/Delaware Online) – Siobhan Carroll, an associate English professor, sat down with a reporter to discuss the latest season and how the horror genre is often a mirror of our real world. “Horrendous And Insulting”: Backlash Erupts Over “Misrepresentation” In 2026 Wuthering Heights (Bored Panda) – Thomas Leitch, an English professor, said that “literal adaptations of classic novels are exceedingly rare, maybe impossible.” Major changes at UD highlighted University of Delaware appoints interim president to the permanent post (The Philadelphia Inquirer) – News of UD's new president, Laura A. Carlson, was covered throughout the region. Retiree learning center gets boost with $1M gift for downstate OLLI classes (Spotlight Delaware) – a large donation to the southern Delaware chapter of the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, was featured. To speak with any of these experts in 2026 on these stories or others, please reach out to MediaRelations@udel.edu. Happy holidays and cheers for a bright and healthy new year!
Australia’s Under-16 Social Media Ban Isn’t a Finish Line - It’s a Reality Check
Australia’s move to restrict social media accounts for kids under 16 has become a global lightning rod - and it’s forcing the right conversation: what do we do when a technology is too powerful for a developing brain? But here’s what I think journalists should focus on next: “A ban is a speed bump, not a seatbelt. It might slow kids down - but it won’t teach them how to drive their attention.” That’s the part that gets lost in the headlines. Because even if you can reduce access, you still have to deal with the why behind the behavior: boredom, social pressure, loneliness, stress, sleep debt. “The headlines make it sound like the problem is solved. But the real question is: what happens in the living room on day three?” Offline.now’s early data shows something important: most people genuinely want to change their screen habits, but many feel overwhelmed and don’t know where to start. That’s why we begin with a quick self-assessment and map people into four Types - Overwhelmed, Ready, Stuck, Unconcerned - so the advice matches the person. “We keep treating social media like a self-control test. It’s not. It’s a confidence problem - people don’t know where to start, so they start with shame.” What I’d tell policymakers considering similar bans 1. Pair friction with skills. “If the only plan is ‘block the app,’ you’re betting against the internet. Workarounds aren’t a bug - they’re the default.” 2. Don’t outsource responsibility entirely to families. “If policy turns parents into full-time bouncers and kids into part-time hackers, we’ve built a system that’s guaranteed to fail.” 3. Ask what gets protected, not just what gets restricted. “The real target isn’t ‘screen time.’ It’s the moments screens replace.” What parents need to know that headlines aren't telling them This is a process, not a switch. The best “first phone / first social” plans are adjustable. Modeling beats monitoring. The rules collapse if adults don’t follow them too. Have a handoff plan. If a child’s mood, sleep, school performance, or withdrawal is deteriorating, it may be bigger than habits. Why this is a late December / January story “The holidays are the perfect storm: more free time, more family friction, more devices, less sleep. January is when the bill comes due.” Journalist angles Bans vs. behavior change: what policy can’t solve The workarounds economy: age gates, bypass culture, privacy tension The four Types: why one-size fits all screen-time advice fails families New Year resets for families: simple, shame-free agreements that stick Available for interviews Eli Singer - CEO of Offline.now; author of Offline.now: A Practical Guide to Healthy Digital Balance. I speak about practical behavior change, non-judgmental family agreements, and confidence-based starting points - and I can direct people to licensed professionals via the Offline.now Directory when needs go beyond coaching.
Why 48 Hours Outdoors Does More Than a Week of Scrolling Breaks
When people feel burned out from their phones, the default solution is often a “digital detox”: delete the apps for a week, set a screen-time limit, maybe move social icons off the home screen. Then work, group chats and FOMO pull them right back in. Personal Development Coach Mark Diamond, an expert in the Offline.now directory who ran a tech-free summer camp for 25 years, says the real reset button isn’t a slightly less frantic version of the same life. It’s 48 hours of real-world experience outdoors. “I’ve watched kids and adults go from wired and anxious to relaxed and connected in a matter of days — not because we lectured them about screens, but because they were hiking, cooking over a fire, laughing with friends, actually living,” Diamond says. “Nature gives your nervous system something it can’t get from a feed.” The science backs up what he sees at camp. A large meta-analysis of nature exposure in adults found that as little as 10 minutes in natural settings improves markers of mental health — including mood and stress — with larger benefits for longer doses of time outside. A broad review on nature and health reports that regular contact with green and blue spaces is associated with: Better mental health and reduced stress Improved cognitive function and attention Higher levels of physical activity Better sleep quality Experimental work using brain imaging has also shown that short visits to green spaces can boost positive affect and change patterns of brain activation in ways consistent with reduced rumination and improved emotional regulation, the opposite of what many people experience after long periods of doomscrolling. Diamond’s camp experience maps directly onto these findings: after even a weekend of tech-free outdoor time, he sees kids and adults become more patient, more playful and more able to tolerate “boredom”: a key ingredient for real focus and creativity. Offline.now integrates this into its digital balance approach by treating offline, outdoor experiences as a core intervention, not a reward you earn after perfect screen behavior. Instead of asking, “How can I use my phone less?” the question becomes, “What can I do offline that naturally displaces my screen time?” “You don’t have to move to the woods,” Diamond says. “Two days of walks, parks, backyard projects, or local trails can do more for your brain than seven days of white-knuckling your way through a ‘detox’ while you stay indoors thinking about your phone.” For journalists covering digital wellness, mental health, or lifestyle resets, this story connects the dots between nature research, digital fatigue, and why a simple 48-hour outdoor reset might be more realistic and more powerful than yet another all-or-nothing break from apps. Featured Expert Mark Diamond – Personal Development Coach and longtime director of a tech-free outdoor camp. He specializes in outdoor wellness, sustainable behavior change, and helping families and individuals swap abstract “detox” goals for concrete, nature-based experiences that restore mood, focus and connection. Expert interviews can be arranged through the Offline.now media team.
The University of Florida’s ‘AI Queen’ is using AI technology to help prevent dementia
To help the 50 million people globally who live with dementia, the National Institute on Aging is finding researchers to develop tech-based breakthroughs that target the disease — researchers like the University of Florida’s “AI Queen.” It’s a fitting nickname for Aprinda Indahlastari Queen, Ph.D., who is applying artificial intelligence technology to study transcranial direct current stimulation, or tDCS — a technique that involves placing electrodes on the scalp to deliver a weak electrical current to the brain — as a possible way to prevent dementia. The assistant professor in the UF College of Public Health and Health Professions’ Department of Clinical and Health Psychology is using UF’s supercomputer, HiPerGator, to perform neuroimaging and machine learning analyses to study how anatomical differences may affect tDCS outcomes. “Investigating working memory in patients with mild cognitive impairment offers an opportunity to understand how cognitive processes are disrupted in the early stages of Alzheimer’s disease,” said Queen, whose study — funded by a National Institute on Aging research career development grant — integrates neuroimaging with information on brain structure that is unique to older adults and those with mild cognitive impairment. Refining the treatment with AI Using neuroimaging, Queen captures real-time changes during tDCS to the parts of the brain associated with working memory, which is the type of memory that allows humans to temporarily keep track of small amounts of information. Think of this as a mental “scratchpad.” Her study includes older adults with mild cognitive impairment as well as individuals who are cognitively healthy. In tDCS, a safe, weak electrical current passes through electrodes placed on a person’s head. The stimulation is being used in research and clinical settings for a variety of conditions and has shown partial success as a nonpharmaceutical intervention that can improve cognitive and mental health in older adults. But tDCS results can vary across individuals, and the suspected cause is both simple and complex: Everyone’s head is different. “One potential reason tDCS may not work for some individuals is the variation in head tissue anatomy, including differences in brain structure,” Queen said. “Since electrical stimulation must travel through multiple layers of tissue to reach the brain, and every individual’s anatomy is unique, these differences likely affect outcomes.” To address this further, Queen is using AI. “Artificial intelligence will play a major role in the modeling pipeline, including constructing individualized head models, conducting predictive analyses to identify which participants will respond to the stimulation, and disentangling multiple individual factors that may contribute to these outcomes,” Queen said. An estimated 10 to 20% of adults over age 65 have memory or thinking problems characterized as mild cognitive impairment. Their symptoms are not as severe as Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias, but they may be at increased risk for developing dementia. “The fact that not all individuals with mild cognitive impairment progress to Alzheimer’s disease emphasizes the need to identify effective interventions that can slow the progression to dementia,” Queen said. “This project presents an opportunity to differentiate between multiple types of mild cognitive impairment and investigate how tDCS affects the brain across these subtypes.” An AI visionary Queen, who joined the UF faculty under the university’s AI hiring initiative, is an instructor in the College of Public Health and Health Professions’ undergraduate certificate program in AI and public health and health care, and the co-chair of the college’s AI Workgroup. She is also the assistant director for computing and informatics at the UF Center for Cognitive Aging and Memory Clinical Translational Research and a member of UF’s McKnight Brain Institute. Queen received her Ph.D. training in engineering with a focus on building and running computational models to investigate medical devices. She experienced a career “a-ha” moment as a postdoc, when she was a co-investigator on a large clinical trial that paired brain stimulation with cognitive training to enhance cognition in older adults. “This experience was transformative for me. I had the chance to interact directly with participants, which was both fulfilling and eye-opening. These interactions allowed me to see the immediate, real-world implications of my work and sparked a passion for pursuing aging research,” Queen said. “I realized that, through this type of research, I could have a more direct impact on addressing age-related challenges, which prompted a shift in my career plans.” The new grant will help Queen further improve her understanding of the neurobiology and progression of Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias. “These experiences will ultimately prepare me to become a well-rounded aging investigator, capable of making meaningful contributions to the field of aging research,” Queen said. She also credits her mentors and collaborators — Ronald Cohen, Ph.D.; Adam Woods, Ph.D.; Steven DeKosky, M.D.; Ruogu Fang, Ph.D.; Joseph Gullett, Ph.D.; and Glenn Smith, Ph.D. — with supporting her as an early career scientist. “It really takes a village to get here!” Queen said.
Your First Scroll of the Day Is Wrecking Your Sleep and Focus, Says ADHD Therapist
For many people, the day doesn’t start with getting out of bed - it starts with reaching for the phone. Psychotherapist Harshi Sritharan, who specializes in ADHD and anxiety, says that tiny habit is doing more damage than most of us realize. “When you check your phone before you’ve even sat up, you’re flooding your brain with microbursts of dopamine,” she explains. “Dopamine is a key part of our motivation and reward system. Those quick hits of novelty - notifications, texts, news, social feeds - tell the brain, ‘This is where the good stuff is.’” The problem? That early surge doesn’t just switch on your day. It primes your nervous system to stay on high alert. “You’ve now trained your brain to expect that level of stimulation,” Sritharan says. “For many people with ADHD, nothing else in their day compares - school, work, chores all feel flat by comparison. That’s where that constant ‘I’m bored’ feeling can come from.” That ongoing “high alert” isn’t just about boredom, though. It’s also a sign of a dysregulated nervous system: your brain scanning for the next hit of information, your body sitting in low-level fight-or-flight. Over time, that uncertainty - What’s waiting for me in my inbox? Did I miss something? - can exacerbate anxiety and executive dysfunction. Nighttime habits make things worse. Those late-night emotional spikes from doom-scrolling, stressful emails, or intense content don’t just keep your mind busy. They can trigger the sympathetic nervous system - the body’s fight, flight, or freeze response - and potentially release stress hormones like cortisol and adrenaline. “That combination,” Sritharan notes, “blocks melatonin, dysregulates the nervous system, and sends your body the opposite message of what it needs before sleep. You’re basically telling your brain, ‘We’re in danger,’ and then expecting it to rest.” Instead of shaming people for these habits, Sritharan takes a “knowledge equals power” approach. “I don’t tell clients, ‘Just stop doing that,’” she says. “I teach them what’s happening in their brain and nervous system so they can understand why it feels so hard to put the phone down. Once people see the pattern, they feel less broken - and more motivated to experiment.” “Most people don’t need a total digital detox,” Sritharan says. “They need skills, not shame. When they understand how their brain is wired - especially with ADHD - they can design habits that work with their nervous system instead of against it.” Her message to anyone who feels stuck in the cycle: don’t blame your willpower. “This is your biology, not a personal failure,” she says. “When you understand what your brain is doing, you can finally start changing the script.” ⸻ About the Expert Harshi Sritharan is a psychotherapist who focuses on ADHD, anxiety, and intentional tech use. She helps clients understand dopamine cycles, rebuild healthy routines around sleep and screens, and create realistic boundaries that work in real life - not just on paper. Harshi is part of the Offline.now ADHD Expert Community.
MEDIA RELEASE: New CAA Study Sheds Light on Edible Cannabis and Collision Risk Among Young Drivers
A recent study with funding support from CAA, conducted by the University of Saskatchewan, examined 50 drivers aged 19 to 30 to assess how consuming edible cannabis influences collision risk among young drivers. This demographic, which is known for having a higher tendency to engage in risky driving behaviour, currently holds the highest crash rates nationwide. “This study marks an important first step in understanding how cannabis edibles impact driving performance,” says Michael Stewart, Community Relations Consultant for CAA South Central Ontario. “Too often, decisions about whether someone is fit to drive are made in the moment, relying on judgment rather than evidence. Cannabis impairment studies like this are essential. Each one brings new learnings that help us refine our approach and ensure that safety is never left to chance.” The findings indicate that critical driving skills, including reaction time, lane discipline, and speed control, were impaired. Consumption times may vary to feel the effects of edible cannabis from driver to driver. However, the study found that impairment was most evident at 90 minutes after consumption, so its effects may not be noticeable until a motorist is already behind the wheel. When asked if they felt safe to drive after consuming edibles, only four per cent felt safe getting behind the wheel 90 minutes after eating an edible cannabis product. What is interesting about this is that in a controlled environment, young drivers feel unsafe driving under the influence of cannabis. However, a recent survey of 1,510 Ontario drivers from CAA SCO shows that drivers often have a false sense of confidence when they have driven high in the past. The perception of safety doesn’t match reality The survey found that the number of people admitting to cannabis-impaired driving in Ontario (nearly 20 per cent) has remained stable compared to last year. However, a concerning trend has emerged, with more cannabis-impaired drivers (78 per cent) saying they are confident in their driving abilities while under the influence – a 13 per cent overall increase from 2021. Why is this concerning? The perception of safety doesn’t match reality. More than a third of cannabis-impaired drivers acknowledged feeling high while driving, relying on their personal judgment for signs of impairment, such as drowsiness, slowed reaction time, or brain fog. “This misplaced confidence can lead to dangerous decisions, increasing the risk of collisions and endangering road users,” adds Stewart. “We must recognize that getting behind the wheel is not just a personal choice it’s a responsibility that affects the safety of everyone on our roads.” Growing issue of poly-use The research also points to a growing issue of poly-use, or the consumption of multiple substances and is on the rise. This trend adds another layer of complexity to road safety efforts, as the combined effects of different substances can further impair judgment and reaction times. Most respondents (57 per cent) say they consume cannabis in combination with other substances – most commonly, alcohol. However, painkillers, psilocybin, ecstasy, and MDMA are on the rise. CAA SCO continues to advocate for safer roads by encouraging motorists to make responsible choices. The message is clear: do not get behind the wheel when impaired. “While we’re all aware that alcohol-impaired driving can be dangerous, we should also take the same attitude towards cannabis-impaired driving,” says Stewart. “With the holiday season coming up, cannabis can be consumed legally and responsibly but should never be used when driving.” CAA is asking that those who do consume cannabis, alcohol or other drugs to plan ahead by making alternate arrangements, such as a designated driver or using a rideshare service, to get home safely this holiday season. Methodology The online survey was conducted by DIG Insights from June 27 to July 14, 2025, with 1,510 Ontario drivers aged 19 and older. Based on the sample size of n=1,510 and with a confidence level of 95 per cent, the margin of error for this research is +/- 2%.) Methodology of the University of Saskatchewan study The study collected extensive data from 50 young adult drivers (aged 19–30), resulting in 250 assessments across multiple realistic driving scenarios using a simulator after consuming a 10mg THC edible.
The Conversation: A UF neuroscientist explains the science of pain
Nobody likes to feel pain, but it’s something every person will experience at some point in their life. But why is that? I am a neuroscientist, and my job is to research why and how people feel pain in order to help doctors understand how to treat it better. What is pain? To understand why people feel pain, it helps first to understand what pain is. Pain is the unpleasant sensation you feel when your body is experiencing harm, or thinks it is. Not everyone experiences pain the same way. Pain is a highly personal experience influenced by a variety of biological, psychological and social factors. For example, research has shown differences in the pain experiences of women and men, young and older people, and even across people from different cultures. Danger signals A network of nerves similar to wires runs all through the human body, from the tips of your fingers and toes, through your back inside the spinal cord and up to your brain. Specialized pain receptors called nociceptors can be found at the end of the nerves on your skin, muscles, joints and internal organs. Each nociceptor is designed to activate its nerve if it detects a danger signal. One way scientists classify nociceptors is based on the type of danger signal that activates them. Mechanical nociceptors respond to physical damage, such as cuts or pressure, while thermal nociceptors react to extreme temperatures. Chemical nociceptors are triggered by chemicals that the body’s own tissues release when they are damaged. These receptors may also be triggered by external irritants, such as the chemical capsaicin, which gives chili peppers their heat. This is why eating spicy food can cause you pain. Finally, there are the nociceptors that are activated by a combination of various triggers. For example, one of these receptors in your skin could be activated by the poke of a sharp object, the cold of an ice pack, the heat from a mug of cocoa, a chemical burn from household bleach, or a combination of all three kinds of stimulation. How pain travels though the body When you fall and get a scrape, the mechanical nociceptors in your skin spring into action. As soon as you hit the ground, they activate an electrical signal that travels through the nearby nerves to the spinal cord and up to your brain. Your brain interprets these signals to locate the place in your body that is hurting and determine how intense the pain is. Your brain knows that a pain signal is an SOS message from your body that something isn’t right. So it activates multiple systems all at once to get you out of danger and help you survive. Your brain may call on other parts of your nervous system to release chemicals called endorphins that will reduce your pain. It may tell your endocrine system to release hormones that prepare your body to handle the stress of your fall by increasing your heart rate, for example. And it may order your immune system to send special immune cells to the site of your scrape to help manage swelling and heal your skin. As all of this is happening, your brain takes in information about where you are in the world so that you can respond accordingly. Do you need to move away from something hurting you? Did you fall in the middle of the road and now need to get out of the way of moving cars? Not only is your brain working to keep you safe in the moments after your fall, it also is looking ahead to how it can prevent this scenario from happening again. The pain signals from your fall activate parts of your brain called the hippocampus and anterior cingulate cortex that process memory and emotions. They will help you remember how bad falling made you feel so that you will learn how to avoid it in the future. But why do we need to feel pain? As this example shows, pain is like a warning signal from your body. It helps protect you by telling you when something is wrong so that you can stop doing it and avoid getting hurt more. In fact, it’s a problem if you can’t feel pain. Some people have a genetic mutation that changes the way their nociceptors function and do not feel pain at all. This can be very dangerous, because they won’t know when they’re hurt. Ultimately, feeling that scrape and the pain sensation from it helps keep you safe from harm. Yenisel Cruz-Almeida is a UF Associate Professor of Community Dentistry and Associate Director of the Pain Research & Intervention Center Of Excellence, University of Florida This article is republished from The Conversation's Curious Kids series under a Creative Commons license. Read the original article:
How mitochondria shape brain health from childhood to old age
From the first spark of neural development to the challenges of ageing, Dr Lissette Sánchez Aranguren is uncovering how the cell’s powerhouses — mitochondria — hold the key to a healthy brain across the human lifespan. Her pioneering research at Aston University explores how these microscopic energy generators safeguard the brain’s communication network and how their dysfunction may underlie conditions such as dementia, stroke, and neurodevelopmental disorders. Mapping the brain’s energy defence system Dr Sánchez Aranguren’s work focuses on the partnership between brain cells and the blood vessels that nourish them — a relationship maintained by the blood–brain barrier. When mitochondria fail, that protective interface can weaken, allowing harmful molecules to penetrate and trigger inflammation or cell loss. Her team’s studies show that mitochondrial malfunction disrupts the dialogue between neurons and vascular cells, an imbalance seen both in the developing and ageing brain. To counter this, she and her collaborators have engineered a mitochondria-targeted liposome, a nanoscale “bubble” that delivers restorative molecules directly where they are needed most. By re-balancing cellular energy and communication, this innovation could one day reduce brain injury or slow neurodegenerative decline. From heart cells to the human mind Originally trained in cardiovascular science, Dr Sánchez Aranguren became fascinated by how mitochondria regulate energy and stress in blood-vessel cells — insights that ultimately led her toward neuroscience. View her profile here “Mitochondria do much more than produce energy. They send signals that determine how cells communicate and survive.” That realisation inspired her to trace mitochondrial signalling across the continuum of life — linking early brain development to later-life vulnerability. Her research now bridges traditionally separate fields of developmental biology, vascular physiology, and ageing neuroscience, helping identify shared molecular pathways that influence lifelong brain resilience. Global collaboration for a healthier brain Her work thrives on multidisciplinary and international partnerships. At Aston, she collaborates with scientists from Coventry University, Queen’s University Belfast, and the University of Lincoln, alongside research partners in the Netherlands, Italy, Malaysia, and China. Together they integrate chemistry, biology, and computational modelling to understand mitochondrial function from molecule to organism — and translate discoveries into practical therapies. Towards mitochondria-targeted brain therapies The next frontier is refining these mitochondria-targeted nanocarriers to enhance precision and efficacy in preclinical models, while exploring how mitochondrial signals shape the brain’s vascular and neural architecture from infancy through adulthood. Dr Sánchez Aranguren envisions a future where protecting mitochondrial health becomes central to preventing brain disease, shifting medicine from managing symptoms to preserving the brain’s natural defence and repair systems. “If we can protect the cell’s own energy engines,” she says, “we can give the brain its best chance to stay healthy for life.”
A new study into how spaceflight impacts the human brain and eyes revealed notable sex differences in brain fluid shifts, with female astronauts showing a greater reduction in fluid around the uppermost part of the brain than their male counterparts. Led by Rachael D. Seidler, Ph.D., director of the University of Florida’s Astraeus Space Institute and professor of applied physiology and kinesiology, the study analyzed data from astronauts to determine how factors such as sex, age and body metrics relate to structural brain and eye changes after space travel. The findings, published in August in npj Microgravity, provide key information for protecting astronaut health on long-duration missions to the moon and Mars. This is one of the first studies to look at sex differences in the physiological response to spaceflight. “The data on sex differences in response to spaceflight are scant, given the historically low number of female astronauts.” — Rachael D. Seidler, Ph.D., director of the University of Florida’s Astraeus Space Institute In addition to changes in fluid around the brain, the team also found that a form of eye compression, a hallmark of Spaceflight Associated Neuro-ocular Syndrome known as globe flattening, was the most consistent eye change among crew members. “By far the most prevalent sign of eye changes that we observed was globe flattening, suggesting that this should be the primary monitoring target for ocular health,” Seidler said. “Interestingly, eye changes were more prevalent in males than females.” Globe flattening, when the back of the eyeball becomes slightly indented or pushed inward, might sound minor, but it can have significant effects on vision and raise concerns for long-duration space missions. Surprisingly, there was no strong link between brain structural changes and eye changes, suggesting that the effects on the eyes and brain may arise from distinct mechanisms rather than shared physiological causes. The research underscores UF’s growing leadership in space health science. Through the Astraeus Space Institute, Seidler leads multidisciplinary collaborations that connect neuroscience, physiology and space research to advance human performance and safety in spaceflight. “We used UF's HiPerGator computing cluster for our analyses in this study, enabling us to analyze our data at high speeds,” Seidler said. Read the full study in npj Microgravity.
