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U.S.-Iran Agreement May Be Easier to Sign Than Sustain, Says TCU Political Scientist

As reports emerge of a potential memorandum of understanding (MOU) between the United States and Iran, questions remain about whether any agreement can overcome decades of mistrust, competing national interests, and domestic political pressures. Ralph Carter is the Piper Professor of Political Science at Texas Christian University (TCU). focuses on Middle East conflicts, U.S. foreign trade and defense policy, with an emphasis on the roles played by Congress. View his profile According to Texas Christian University political scientist Ralph Carter, the details of the agreement and whether both sides ultimately accept those terms, will determine whether negotiations can move forward. "We have to know what's in the MOU itself and whether both sides agree on that. If it's acceptable to both sides, then domestic politics on both sides enters the picture." For the United States, Carter notes that President Trump is eager to secure a diplomatic victory while also maintaining his long-standing position on Iran's nuclear ambitions. Carter says the administration faces competing pressures: demonstrating progress on national security, ensuring stability in global energy markets, and responding to economic concerns that matter most to American voters. At the same time, Iran is unlikely to compromise on what it views as fundamental issues of sovereignty and national independence. "Any Iranian regime, including this one, will insist on two things: Its territory is inviolate. It will not give it up. Its sovereignty is not negotiable." While Tehran may be willing to accept inspections or limits on highly enriched uranium, Carter says Iran is unlikely to abandon its nuclear program entirely simply to satisfy U.S. demands. Economic sanctions and their impact on Iran's economy will also remain central to any negotiations. The timeline may present another obstacle. "A 60-day window after the MOU is signed probably isn't enough time to reconcile these differences." As negotiations continue, Carter can provide expert analysis on U.S.-Iran relations, nuclear diplomacy, sanctions policy, Middle East security, international negotiations, and the domestic political considerations influencing both governments. Ralph Carter is available to discuss U.S.-Iran relations, nuclear negotiations, international diplomacy, sanctions policy, and Middle East politics.

Ahead of America250, Villanova Historian Reveals How Independence Hall Almost Didn't Survive

Philadelphia’s Independence Hall has long occupied an outsized place in the American imagination. The space where the Continental Army was established, the Declaration of Independence adopted and the United States Constitution ratified, the site was once described by President Abraham Lincoln as the source “where were collected together the wisdom, the patriotism, the devotion to principle, from which sprang the institutions under which we live.” In July, these hallowed grounds will yet again take center stage, as the country observes its semiquincentennial, or America250, celebration. In due course, House lawmakers will gather at the landmark for a special commemorative event, mayors from across the U.S. will march to the gates in a show of civic pride and solidarity, and thousands of visitors will flock to the site daily in appreciation for its significance to the cause of “Life, Liberty and the pursuit of Happiness.” However, while Independence Hall’s role in the national saga will go widely remarked and recognized, the building itself has a story that remains largely unknown. According to Whitney Martinko, PhD, associate professor of History and director of the Albert Lepage Center for History in the Public Interest at Villanova University, the “cradle of American democracy” almost never survived the country’s infancy. “Early on, the challenge was about two things,” says Dr. Martinko, who specializes in public history, historic preservation and the early U.S. “One was about ownership of what was called the ‘Old State House,’ because it was the former statehouse in the colony of Pennsylvania. And the second was about the development of the city around it.” As Dr. Martinko explains, in the early 19th century, Independence Hall—then the Old State House—was under the control of the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania, which had shifted its governmental seat from Philadelphia to Harrisburg in 1799. To fund the construction of a new capitol building in the wake of the move, Pennsylvania legislators seriously contemplated selling the site to private enterprise, with the surrounding area undergoing a development boom. “Today’s Independence Mall was built up entirely,” says Dr. Martinko. “In the 18th century, it was full of buildings, shops and houses, and by the 19th century, it had become a huge furniture district and a heart of commerce in many ways.” As plans were drawn up to deliver the hall to the highest bidder, local resistance quickly emerged. Opposed to the landmark’s loss, citizens of Philadelphia and municipal leaders rushed to the defense of the building and its lawn, arguing that their preservation entailed a necessary public good. “Everyone looked to this site as the heart of the new nation. It’s a historic site. It’s an important building. People thought of it as one of the great pieces of Georgian architecture at the time,” says Dr. Martinko. “It was also seen as a civic space, as people gathered there on Election Day. And its lawn was highly valued, with green, open space considered important even then, for air circulation. So, it was really seen as a political space, a civic space and a green space that was important for the well-being of Philadelphians and the health of Philadelphia.” Deliberations over the fate of Independence Hall would continue for a period of five years, up until 1818. After a spirited public campaign, a settlement was finally reached when the City of Philadelphia purchased the plot from the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for $70,000 (roughly $1.85 million in today’s currency). In essence, the deal would forevermore secure Independence Hall’s place within the pantheon of great American shrines, parks and monuments. However, in a terrific irony, it would also eventually lead to the loss of a different piece of history: Between 1950 and 1967, the 19th-century development projects that once threatened Independence Hall became a casualty of the city’s efforts to make the “birthplace of America” an urban focal point, with the creation of Independence Mall. “Those buildings were all torn down in the mid-20th century, when Ed Bacon and the City Planning Commission decided to make Independence Hall a major attraction,” says Dr. Martinko. “There were debates surrounding this issue as well. The Jayne Building was one of the 19th-century buildings that was demolished and that is most well-known. So, there’s this sense of preserving 18th-century history through the demolition of 19th-century architecture.” As the nation approaches its 250th anniversary, the near loss of Independence Hall and the removal of its 19th-century neighbors stand as striking examples of the ways in which what we value, and how much we value it, evolves over time. What’s more, the historic threats to Philadelphia’s most famous site serve as a poignant reminder of the delicate nature of public memory and preservation—and the fact that the places we treasure today may not always be with us tomorrow. “Even though it seems absurd to us now, we’re still seeing debates over the line between redevelopment and connection with the past,” concludes Dr. Martinko. “It’s not that no one saw the value of Independence Hall, or that they didn’t see it as historic. It was just this debate that a lot of very reasonable people continue to have today: Is this what really needs to be preserved? And how should it be preserved?”

New Harvard Report Highlights the Need for Ethical Leaders and Responsible Citizens

A new report from Harvard University's Making Caring Common Project and the National Association for College Admission Counseling is calling for a renewed focus on character, purpose, civic engagement, and ethical leadership in the college admissions process. The report, Turning the Tide in 2026: Preparing Students for Lives of Caring and Purpose, argues that colleges can play a critical role in helping develop the moral and civic capacities needed to strengthen communities and democracy. Among the higher education leaders featured in the report is Heath Einstein, Vice Provost for Enrollment Management at Texas Christian University, whose comments reinforce TCU's longstanding commitment to preparing students for lives of purpose and service. "In near perfect alignment with this report's principles, TCU's raison d'être is to produce ethical leaders and responsible citizens in the global community. At a time when our society—perhaps intentionally fragmented—cannot even agree on facts, it is essential to teach young people how to think critically about the world around them, communicate across difference, and collaborate to solve humanity's most pressing issues." The report warns that increasing political polarization, declining trust, rising mental health challenges, and excessive achievement pressure are affecting young people across the United States. Its authors argue that colleges, schools, and families should place greater emphasis on helping students develop empathy, curiosity, humility, civic responsibility, and a sense of purpose. Einstein notes that these qualities are central to the student experience TCU seeks to cultivate. "In order to achieve this outcome, we seek to create a class of students who possess empathy and humility so that they can critique ideas without critiquing the people presenting the ideas." The report's recommendations include encouraging meaningful engagement over résumé-building, helping students identify what they value and find purposeful, and creating admissions processes that recognize ethical character alongside academic achievement. Looking to know more? We can help. Heath Einstein, Vice Provost for Enrollment Management at Texas Christian University, is available to discuss college admissions, student success, ethical leadership, civic engagement, student purpose, and the evolving role of higher education in preparing future leaders.

Can a Mother's ZIP Code Shape a Baby's Future?

Where an expectant mother lives might reveal important clues about her baby's health before birth. According to a recent Augusta University Jagwire article, researchers at the Medical College of Georgia have found that mapping birth outcomes by ZIP code can help identify communities where mothers and newborns face greater health risks, providing valuable information for healthcare providers and public health officials. The two-part study out of the Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine at the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, led by Mary Arthur, MD, explored the relationship between neighborhood characteristics and neonatal outcomes. By combining geographic mapping with maternal and infant health data, the researchers identified areas with higher rates of adverse birth outcomes and examined how factors such as access to prenatal care and other social determinants of health might contribute to those disparities. The findings suggest that geographic data can become a valuable tool for improving maternal and infant health. By identifying communities at greater risk, healthcare systems and policymakers can better target prenatal education, outreach programs and healthcare resources to support expectant mothers before complications arise. For journalists covering maternal health, healthcare disparities and public policy, Arthur offers valuable insight into how community-level data can help guide interventions that improve pregnancy outcomes and give more babies a healthier start in life. "The maps make it very easy to visualize those ZIP codes that link to poor neonatal outcomes. They're also helpful for planning strategic interventions to help the people who live in those particular areas in terms of making sure there are outreach programs for mothers in those areas to have access to prenatal care." Mary Arthur, MD To learn more about this important research and connect with Mary Arthur, contact AU's External Communications Team mediarelations@augusta.edu to arrange an interview today.

The Business of Sports Is Booming

A recent Forbes article highlights the rapid growth of sponsorship revenue across North America's major professional sports leagues, which generated a record $7.66 billion in sponsorship revenue last season. According to research from SponsorUnited, Major League Baseball led the way with nearly $300 million in new sponsorship business in 2024, reaching $1.84 billion league-wide. One of the biggest drivers was the arrival of Japanese superstar Shohei Ohtani in Los Angeles. SponsorUnited estimates the Dodgers added 12 Japanese-based partners and $70 million in incremental sponsorship revenue during Ohtani's first season with the club. The impact extended beyond the Dodgers, with Japanese brands purchasing advertising and signage opportunities at ballparks across the league whenever Ohtani played on the road. The article also points to broader industry trends fueling sponsorship growth, including jersey patch advertising, digital signage, premium fan experiences, international expansion, and increasingly sophisticated audience targeting. Tim Derdenger is an Associate Professor of Marketing and Strategy at Carnegie Mellon’s Tepper School of Business. An expert in sports markets, his research is centered around celebrity endorsements and how to optimize their impact on product sales. View his profile According to Carnegie Mellon University marketing expert Tim Derdenger, technology will play a critical role in the future of sports sponsorship. "Using technology to reach customers and personalize those messages for them is going to be a key player in the growth of sponsorship across the leagues." As teams seek new revenue opportunities and brands look for more effective ways to engage fans, sponsorship has become one of the fastest-growing segments in professional sports. The trend reflects how leagues are increasingly leveraging data, technology, and innovative marketing strategies to create value for partners while connecting with audiences in new ways. Connect with Tim Derdenger from Carnegie Mellon University's Tepper School of Business, who is available to discuss: • The economics of sports sponsorship • How technology is transforming sports marketing • The business impact of global athletes and superstar brands • Fan engagement and personalized advertising • Emerging trends in professional sports business

America at 250: CMU Experts Explore the Ideas, People and Events That Shaped a Nation

Throughout 2026, the United States will commemorate the 250th anniversary of its founding, a milestone that is prompting reflection on the nation's history, its defining moments, and the people and ideas that continue to shape its future. From the founding principles of democracy and constitutional rights to social movements, innovation, and overlooked stories from America's past, Carnegie Mellon University scholars and experts offer timely insight into the issues and events driving the national conversation. Whether reporting on anniversary celebrations, historical milestones, or the enduring impact of America's past on today's challenges, CMU experts are available to provide informed analysis and historical context. What CMU Experts Can Help You Cover From founding documents to untold histories, CMU experts can speak to the full range of topics for  America at 250. The Document in the Archive One of only five known copies of the 1792 Bill of Rights is held at Carnegie Mellon University. As America marks its 250th anniversary, this rare artifact is on public display -- and the story behind it connects directly to debates about rights, citizenship, and constitutional interpretation that are as live today as they were in the founding era. The Constitution on Trial For 250 years, the Supreme Court has been the ultimate interpreter of America's founding documents. But how justices write those decisions -- the rhetoric, the emotion, the moral grandstanding -- shapes how law is understood and applied for generations. What does the language of fundamental rights decisions tell us about American democracy? The History That Was Left Out Official celebrations tend to center on the founders. But historians have spent decades recovering the stories of enslaved people, women, immigrants, and communities whose contributions shaped the nation and whose experiences complicate the triumphant narrative. Dr. Edda Fields-Black's 2025 Pulitzer Prize-winning book on Harriet Tubman and the Combahee River Raid is a reminder of just how much of that history is still being uncovered. What does a fuller American history look like at 250? Suffrage, Memory, and the Myth We Tell The story of how American women won the right to vote is one of the most retold in the country's history -- and one of the most mythologized. As the nation reflects on 250 years of democracy, what does the suffrage movement really tell us about how America progresses, and how it remembers its own progress? Covering America at 250? Carnegie Mellon University's historians, legal scholars, archivists, and subject matter experts are available for interviews, background briefings, and commentary on the people, events, and ideas that have shaped the United States over the past 250 years - and what that history means today.

Covering the World Cup? University of Delaware Experts are Here to Help with Your Coverage

As the 2026 FIFA World Cup captures attention across North America and around the world, University of Delaware experts are available to help media examine the larger stories connected to the tournament, from player safety and youth soccer to tourism, sports analytics, playing surfaces and the shared experience of watching the game. University of Delaware's World Cup Experts Hub brings together faculty and specialists who can provide timely commentary on the health, business, social and scientific issues shaping one of the world’s most watched sporting events. Featured Topics The Business of Youth Soccer Youth sports participation, community impact, the business of soccer and how a major global tournament can influence local programs, families and the next generation of players. Player Safety and Concussions Head injuries, concussion prevention, heading guidelines, athlete health and how evolving safety standards are changing the way soccer is played and taught. Tourism and Global Impact How mega-events drive tourism, economic activity, host-city visibility and broader cultural connection across countries, communities and fans. Youth Development and Fan Engagement How family traditions, school programs and shared sports experiences shape youth identity, social development and interest in physical activity. Sports Analytics in Action The rise of data-driven performance, real-time game analysis and how students and practitioners are applying analytics to elite global competition. The Science of Playing Surfaces Natural grass requirements, turfgrass systems, stadium preparation and the science behind maintaining world-class fields for international play. Why Watching Together Matters The psychology of shared experiences, happiness, social connection and why gathering for World Cup matches can be meaningful far beyond the final score. Media can visit the University of Delaware’s World Cup Experts Hub to explore available experts and connect directly with the right source for their story.

Science Is Changing the Game: How Research Is Transforming Modern Sports

Professional sports have always embraced innovation, but today's competitive advantage increasingly comes from science. Researchers are applying advances in neuroscience, artificial intelligence, biomechanics, data analytics, and human performance to better understand how athletes make decisions, respond under pressure, recover from injury, and maximize performance. What once relied heavily on intuition and experience is now being informed by sophisticated research that can measure, predict, and improve outcomes at every level of competition. Recent studies from Carnegie Mellon University highlight the growing role science is playing across the sports landscape. Whether examining decision-making in high-pressure situations, analyzing performance strategies, or using artificial intelligence to improve health outcomes, researchers are uncovering insights that can help athletes perform at their best while extending careers and reducing injury risk. Ron Yurko is an Assistant Teaching Professor in the Department of Statistics & Data Science at Carnegie Mellon University, and the Director of the Carnegie Mellon Sports Analytics Center (CMSAC).  View his profile Scott Powers, an assistant professor at Rice University with vast front-office experience in Major League Baseball—including stints with the Los Angeles Dodgers and the Houston Astros—joined forces with Ron Yurko, a director at the Carnegie Mellon Sports Analytics Center, to analyze this cutting-edge data. Their study, published in The American Statistician in 2026, marks a significant advancement in the quantitative understanding of batting dynamics. It uses high-resolution measurements of bat speed and swing length, metrics that were publicly released for the first time in 2024, to explore how hitters modulate their swings under different pitch counts, particularly when facing two strikes. Eric Yttri is an Associate Professor at Carnegie Mellon University where his research goal is to establish how neural circuits lead to these action selection decisions.  View his profile As a neuroscientist, I have been working to uncover how the brain decides when to act and when to wait. Recent research from my team and me helps explain why this split-second pause happens, offering insight not only into elite athletic performance, but also how people make everyday decisions when the potential outcome isn't clear. We found that the key to hesitation is a response to uncertainty. This could be where a dropped hockey puck will land, when a race starts, or placing your order at a new restaurant. Eni Halilaj is an Associate Professor at Carnegie Mellon University where she directs the CMU Musculoskeletal Biomechanics Lab, an interdisciplinary group of engineers seeking to understand and optimize human movement mechanics. View her profile According to Eni Halilaj, an assistant professor in mechanical engineering at Carnegie Mellon University and biomechanist who specializes in orthopedic rehabilitation, 60 percent of those who suffer this common knee injury also develop osteoarthritis early in life. The degenerative joint disease, which affects an estimated 32.5 million individuals in the U.S., is especially problematic for younger patients because of the longer time span during which the chronic condition can cause debilitating pain, stiffness and limited mobility. "How can we make the 60 percent have the same long-term outcome as the 40 percent?" asked Halilaj, who is working to understand the difference between those who do and those who do not develop osteoarthritis following knee trauma. Matthew Walker is a Professor, Astrophysics & Cosmology at Carnegie Mellon University. His research focuses on the astrophysical properties of dark matter, but he is also a former collegiate D1 baseball player and lifelong, passionate fan staying apprised of advancements in the game. View his profile Carnegie Mellon University physics professor Matthew Walker said the system still has limitations, especially on pitches that are extremely close to the edge of the strike zone. "Every measurement device has a margin of error," Walker said. "ABS is, from what I can tell, somewhere around half an inch -- which means if the ABS call says that the pitch was within half an inch of the border between a ball and a strike, whether it says it’s a ball or a strike is really no better than a guess." Walker said that in those situations, the umpire’s original call should remain in place rather than letting the automated system make the final decision. The influence of science in sports extends far beyond professional athletics. Research developed for elite competitors often finds applications in healthcare, rehabilitation, education, workplace performance, and everyday decision-making. As teams continue to invest in analytics, wearable technology, artificial intelligence, and performance science, the relationship between research and sports is expected to grow even stronger. The result is a deeper understanding of how humans learn, adapt, compete, and perform under pressure. If you're covering or looking to know more, we can help! Carnegie Mellon University experts can discuss: • The growing role of science and technology in sports • Performance optimization and decision-making under pressure • Artificial intelligence and data analytics in athletics • Injury prevention, rehabilitation, and athlete health • The future of sports research and innovation

National Tick Collection Provides Front-Line Defense Against Emerging Health Threats

A recently published article in Grice Connect highlighted the national importance of the U.S. National Tick Collection, housed at Georgia Southern University's Statesboro Campus. Home to more than one million specimens representing nearly every known tick species, the collection serves as a critical resource for researchers, public health agencies, and disease surveillance efforts studying the spread of tick-borne illnesses. The collection, owned by the Smithsonian Institution and curated at Georgia Southern University, is one of the largest and most comprehensive tick collections in the world. Researchers use it to identify emerging threats, track changes in tick populations, and better understand the diseases these parasites can carry. As concerns about Lyme disease and other tick-borne illnesses continue to grow, the collection provides scientists with an invaluable resource for monitoring species distribution, studying disease vectors, and supporting public health preparedness. It also plays an important role in training future researchers in a field where specialized expertise is increasingly needed. Lorenza Beati, Ph.D., is curator of the U.S. National Tick Collection and associate professor at Georgia Southern University.  Her research focuses on tick taxonomy, genetics, evolutionary relationships, and the role ticks play in transmitting diseases that affect both humans and animals. View her profile The article underscores the collection's growing importance as researchers work to better understand the complex relationships between ticks, pathogens, wildlife, and human health. As environmental conditions change and tick populations expand into new regions, resources like the U.S. National Tick Collection are helping scientists stay ahead of emerging public health challenges. The collection has been entrusted to Georgia Southern since 1990 and includes more than 1 million specimens and more than 125,000 accessioned lots. Beati said the collection is probably the largest curated tick collection in the world. While she said there may be a larger collection elsewhere, she said Georgia Southern’s collection remains especially important because it is active, used for research, and supported by curatorial work. “By having two curators here, we really keep the collection very active,” Beati said. “We publish a lot, we do a lot of research on our samples. We have visitors coming from all over the world to work with us.”  June 13 - Grice Connect Covering? We can help! Lorenza Beati is available to speak with media about tick-borne diseases, tick identification, vector ecology, disease surveillance and the critical role scientific collections play in protecting public health. Her expertise can help audiences better understand the growing impact of ticks on human and animal health, as well as the research efforts underway to address these challenges.

UConn Expert Weighs In on FIFA's Hottest New Timeout

For the first time in FIFA World Cup history, every match at the 2026 tournament includes mandatory three-minute hydration breaks midway through each half. Introduced as a player welfare measure amid concerns about extreme summer temperatures across North America, the breaks have quickly become a much discussed development in the tournament. Coaches, players, broadcasters, sports scientists, and fans are all weighing in on the impact the stoppages have on player safety, game flow, strategy, and even commercial opportunities. The conversation has intensified as several matches have been played in challenging heat conditions and prominent coaches have publicly questioned whether the mandatory breaks alter the rhythm of the sport. At the same time, medical experts continue to emphasize the risks posed by heat stress and dehydration during elite athletic competition, particularly in tournaments spanning multiple climates and venues. Experts like UConn's Douglas Casa have been front and center when the media call for insight and perspective. The three-minute mandatory hydration breaks are meant to protect players, and referees, from extreme heat illness and help them maintain their physical performance. In that time, players can cool off and replenish lost water and salt from sweating, but how effective it is depends on how aggressive the cooling methods are. That could mean putting wet, cold towels on the exposed parts of a player's body, such as the neck, head, back and arms. If done well, that could reduce their body temperature by about 0.22 F (0.12 C) per minute, said Douglas Casa, CEO of the University of Connecticut's Korey Stringer Institute who also co-signed the letter to FIFA. "Some people can tolerate a little more fluids comfortably and then do intense exercise. Some people can't because it sloshes around in their stomach and they don't feel super comfortable, so they might not drink as much in such a short period of time," he added. The time, he said, dictates the volume of impact, whether from fluid or cooling, and "that's why we're suggesting doing something like five or six minutes, because it just makes such a big impact when you're dealing with a change of that magnitude." June 18 - NPR Douglas Casa is a professor of kinesiology and chief executive officer of UConn’s Korey Stringer Institute. He is a leading authority on research, advocacy, and education about exertional heat stroke View his profile While the standardized breaks represent a major step forward for player welfare, some leading heat illness experts argue the new policy does not go far enough. Dr. Douglas Casa, a professor of kinesiology at the University of Connecticut and chief executive officer of the Korey Stringer Institute, expressed skepticism regarding the efficacy of such brief intervals. Dr. Casa warned that prolonged, high-intensity physical exertion causes a rapid spike in core body temperature, which dramatically degrades athletic performance and increases the risk of exertional heat illness. He noted that a mere three minutes from whistle to whistle provides insufficient time for optimal physiological cooling and active rehydration, recommending instead that tournament officials expand the mandatory breaks to five or six minutes. Faced with these demanding environmental conditions, several competing national teams are taking proactive measures to gain a competitive edge. Multiple countries have expanded their technical staffs to include specialized sports scientists tasked exclusively with designing aggressive heat-acclimatization and thermal-management strategies. According to Dr. Casa, these data-driven preparation strategies will likely play a monumental role in determining player durability and ultimately crowning the world champion. June 09 - NBC News Covering? We can help. Douglas Casa, who leads UConn's renowned Korey Stringer Institute, is available to discuss: The science behind hydration and cooling breaks in elite sport Heat illness risks facing World Cup athletes Whether mandatory breaks are sufficient to protect players How extreme weather is changing sports medicine and event management The balance between player safety, competition, and fan expectations Check out the video below featuring Doug Casa explaining what happens when the human body gets too hot. Media interested in speaking with Doug Casa can contact the UConn media relations team to arrange an interview.