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Georgia Southern professor re-elected to board of world’s largest scientific society

Professor of chemistry and chair of the Department of Biochemistry, Chemistry and Physics Will Lynch, Ph.D., has been re-elected to the American Chemical Society’s (ACS) board of directors. This marks his second three-year term on the board. With ACS serving as the largest science organization in the world, Lynch says the society’s work impacts lives every day. “We support the scientific enterprise by advocating for everything from research funding to laboratory safety,” said Lynch. “That work strengthens scientific integrity that ACS champions and ultimately shows up in the things that people rely on daily. Bottled water, medicines, cellphones and computer screens all come from chemistry. Many people do not realize how deeply science shapes their world.” With a budget of nearly $900 million and a global community of over 200,000, planning is essential to the success of ACS. Lynch is proud to have chaired the committee that created the society’s next five-year strategic plan. He hopes that his work will continue to put the society’s vast resources to use helping advocate for scientists around the world. “My focus now is implementing ACS’ strategic plan, which envisions a world built on science and setting up the indicators to measure our success,” said Lynch. “We want to make sure we support chemists whether they are in academia, industry, government labs or retired.” Serving in a leadership role for a world-renowned scientific organization is part of Lynch’s calling to help others. He began his service with ACS over 40 years ago when he volunteered at a regional meeting while pursuing his bachelor’s degree. He started making connections immediately and grew his professional network from the local to the national level. Forming friendships in the scientific community and witnessing the ways their work changed lives inspired Lynch to continue to grow his own knowledge so he could do more for others. “Getting to do research as an undergraduate pulled me in, and I knew that chemistry was where I could make a difference. I realized I had a path to help society through science and I never looked back.” Looking to know more about Georgia Southern University or connect with Will Lynch? Simply contact Georgia Southern's Director of Communications Jennifer Wise at jwise@georgiasouthern.edu to arrange an interview today.

Sun-Sentinel: What happens when parents go beyond sharenting?

So many parents routinely share photos and news about their kids on social media that the behavior has a name: sharenting. Usually harmless and well-meaning, it can also take a dangerous turn, exposing children to online predators, allowing companies to collect personal information and creating pathways for children to become victimized by identity theft. The risks are most pervasive when parents overshare to profit from their social media accounts. Whenever parents share, they are the gatekeepers, tasked with protecting their children’s information, but they are also the ones unlatching the gates. When parents profit from opening the gates, it is especially challenging to balance protecting their kids’ privacy against sharing their stories. Federal and state laws typically give wide deference to parents to raise their children as they see fit. But the state can and does intervene when parents abuse their children. Those laws protect children in the physical world. However, few laws shield children when parents risk harming them online. Let’s consider this hypothetical situation based on a composite of real-life events. Mia (fictional name) is a 7-year-old girl growing up in Orlando. Her mother is a stay-at-home parent who has a public Instagram account and considers herself an influencer. Many lingerie brands pay Mia’s mom to model their clothing. When a lingerie company from overseas offers Mia’s mom some money to have Mia also pose in their clothing, Mia’s mom says yes. Over the next few weeks, Mia and her mom model the clothing together in pictures and videos, sometimes wearing the outfits while reading together in bed, having pillow fights or being playful around the house — always in clearly intimate but arguably appropriate settings. Mia’s mom’s social media page explodes with new followers, many of whom appear to be grown men. The images on the page receive hundreds of likes and multiple comments. Mia’s mom deletes the most inappropriate comments but leaves others, hoping to increase engagement. As Mia’s mom’s social media following grows, so does the amount of money she earns. Mia tells her teacher about the social media page. Her teacher reaches out to Mia’s parents, to no avail. Mia’s mom keeps sharing. The teacher sees this as a potential form of abuse and neglect and, according to her obligation as a mandatory reporter of abuse, she calls in a report to the state’s central abuse registry. The teacher isn’t trying to get Mia’s mom in criminal trouble, but she thinks the family could use some education surrounding safe social media use and possibly access to financial support if they need this type of online exposure to pay the bills. The intake counselor declines to accept the hotline call. The counselor explains that the posting of pictures is not grounds for an abuse, abandonment or neglect investigation. The parent is sharenting, the counselor says, and that is within a parent’s right. Of course, child sexual abuse material is illegal, but the photos posted by Mia’s mom fall into a gray area — not illegal material, but likely harmful to Mia. Should there be a law to stop this? I believe there should be. Just as our views regarding child abuse have evolved, so must our views on sharenting. Merely 150 years ago, it was legal for parents to beat their children. It wasn’t until 1874, when a little girl named Mary Ellen was beaten severely by her caregiver, that courts began to step in. Drawing from existing laws prohibiting animal cruelty, the Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals argued that Mary Ellen had the right to be free from abuse. At the time, there were laws protecting animals from harm by their caregivers but no laws protecting children from such harm! Back to the present: Mia’s disclosure to her teacher could have changed her life and led to her family getting online safety help, if only the child welfare laws were suitably tailored to protect her in the online world as they attempt to do offline. Child protection laws should be expanded to include harms that can be caused by online sharing. The law can both protect parental autonomy and honor children’s privacy through a comprehensive and multidisciplinary new approach toward protecting children online — one that allows for thoughtful investigation, education, remediation and prosecution of parents who use social media in ways that are significantly harmful to their children. This conduct, which falls beyond sharenting, is ripe for legal interventions that reset the balance between a parent’s right to share and a child’s right to online privacy and safety. Stacey Steinberg grew up in West Palm Beach and now lives in Gainesville, where she is a professor at the University of Florida Levin College of Law; the supervising attorney for the Gator TeamChild Juvenile Law Clinic; the director of the Center on Children and Families; and the author of “Beyond Sharenting,” forthcoming in the Southern California Law Review. This piece was also published in the South Florida Sun-Sentinel.

Online Dating in 2026: Are Apps Bringing Us Closer or Just Keeping Us Swiping?

In 2025, “We met on an app” is the most ordinary love story in the world. Swiping has replaced setups and chance encounters as the primary way couples connect in many countries. But as online dating becomes normal, a new question is emerging: Are app-born relationships actually as happy and secure as we think? Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist Gaea Woods, an expert in the Offline.now digital wellness directory, sees both sides in her practice. “Online dating is just a tool,” she says. “It can absolutely bring people together who would never have met otherwise. But the way we use it — the constant options, the ghosting, the parallel conversations — can quietly undermine trust even after you’ve deleted the app.” Woods says that she hears tension from from clients: “Singles tell me, ‘I hate the apps, but I don’t know another way to meet people.’ Couples tell me, ‘We met on an app, and I’m grateful — but there’s this low-level anxiety: Would you still be with me if you kept swiping?’ The technology amplifies questions that were always there about choice, commitment and comparison.” She emphasizes that how couples talk about their “app origin story” matters more than where they met. Unspoken assumptions — about whether exes stay in your DMs, if profiles stay active “just in case,” or how much flirting online is acceptable — often fuel insecurity more than the apps themselves. “Online dating is here to stay,” Woods says. “The question isn’t ‘Is it bad?’ It’s, ‘How do we use it in a way that supports real intimacy instead of keeping us one foot in and one foot out?’” Featured Expert Gaea Woods, MA, LMFT – Licensed Marriage & Family Therapist specializing in digital dependency, intimacy and communication in modern relationships. She can speak to app fatigue, the “online dating effect,” how apps change expectations around choice and commitment, and the kinds of conversations couples need to have once the swipe turns into something serious. Expert interviews can be arranged through the Offline.now media team.

My MBA Journey at 69: Because Apparently, Climbing Everest Base Camp Wasn't Enough

If you watched CBS 60-Minutes host, Cecilia Vega set out on a challenging 10-day trek to Everest Base Camp (EBC) in the Himalayas, for last week's episode, you couldn't help but marvel at the gruelling physical demands and the profound experience of being at the foot of Mount Everest.  Her journey, which involved intense training, navigating dangerous suspension bridges, and dealing with extreme altitude, also highlighted the massive industry around Everest and the vital, underappreciated role of the Sherpa community.  Her journey is an inspiring look at how we can push our own boundaries.  Bravo Cecilia! Vega described hiking Everest Base Camp as "the hardest thing I've ever done physically," battling low oxygen (like breathing through a straw) and fatigue, despite months of training.  She experienced sub-freezing temperatures, crossed dizzying suspension bridges, and even witnessed close calls with avalanches, with trusty Sherpas conducting nightly tent checks to ensure her safety. Hiking to Everest Base Camp is hard.  I know.  Because I did it.  At 60 Let me explain. I have a tradition of celebrating milestone birthdays with a bang. When I turned 60, I gave myself six physical challenges — one for each decade lived. The grand finale? Climbing to Everest Base Camp. It was epic, exhausting, and left me with both altitude sickness and lifetime bragging rights. But as I approached 69, I craved something different. Not hiking boots this time — just highlighters. Not mountain peaks — mental peaks. I wanted an intellectual challenge that would prove my brain still had some miles left on it. No oxygen tanks required this time. Just caffeine, reliable Wi-Fi, and an iron will. How I Got Here (And Why I'm Questioning My Sanity) I've always wanted an MBA — partly for the knowledge, but let's be honest, mostly for the prestige. There's something irresistible about joining that club of spreadsheet-loving scholars. For years, I've imagined myself casually tossing around terms like "synergy" and "stakeholder engagement" while sipping something expensive in a sleek business lounge. What I didn't imagine was attempting this after a 46-year hiatus from university. Spoiler alert: It's harder than I thought. Like, significantly harder. Enter the MBA: Twenty-four courses. Two years or so, and approximately one hundred "What was I thinking?" moments. I enrolled at the Sprott School of Business at Carleton University, which offers a generous seniors' discount. I briefly debated whether to ask for the student discount or the seniors' discount — then thought, why not request both? I've earned these wrinkles and this tuition bill. Bonus perks: I qualify for the student medical and dental plans. My classmates use them for wisdom tooth extractions. I'm eyeing the denture clause. Term One: The Tech Tsunami Let's talk about the software situation.  Brightspace. Turnitin. eProctor. Excel (the betrayer). Word. APA 7th Edition. And about a dozen other platforms that might as well have been written in Klingon. I expected a gentle introduction — maybe some academic foreplay before diving into heavy coursework. Instead, I was shoved into the deep end with weights tied to my ankles. Each assignment came with a forest's worth of readings, PowerPoint slides, and discussion board posts. I was up at 5 a.m., trying to squeeze in extra hours in the day. (Spoiler: you can't.) Despite decades spent managing teams, I was barely scraping 60% on quizzes — the open-book ones. How is that even possible? Accounting became my personal Everest. People kept telling me, "Excel is your friend." That's a lie. Excel is that friend who borrows your car, crashes it, returns it on empty, and then asks if you've bothered reading the manual. Casualties of War: Family, Friends, and Dottie My family was neglected. My friends assumed I'd entered witness protection. Even my little dog Dottie stopped talking to me. She'd give me this look — a devastating combination of pity and disappointment — every time I said, "Sorry, no walk today. Mommy has to study debits and credits." You haven't experienced true shame until you've been judged by a 10-pound dog wearing a sweater. The Breaking Point (And the Breakthrough) I'll admit it — I had serious moments where quitting felt like the only rational option. The workload was relentless. The jargon was endless. The pressure was overwhelming. I contacted teaching assistants, professors, and even the university librarian, desperately searching for a lifeline. They were all kind and patient. But ultimately, I had to figure it out myself. And somewhere between the caffeine highs and APA citation lows, something clicked. Even Cs get Degrees! By midterm, I began to suspect something radical: perhaps the large amount of work was the real test. Not the material itself, but the sheer volume. Maybe this was the school's way of differentiating dedicated students from curious ones, the serious from the casual observers. Was it possible that the secret to MBA success was learning what not to do? After all, the passing grade is a B- (70%). At this point in my life, I'd be happy with a 71% and a full night's sleep. Hence the title, Even Cs get Degrees! Working Smarter, Not Harder Somewhere between week three and mild hysteria, I made a radical decision: stop trying to do everything. I focused on lectures and study notes instead of drowning in supplementary readings. I prioritized assignments strategically. I stopped pretending perfection was achievable — or necessary. The results were immediate: • My grades improved • My panic attacks decreased • Dottie started making eye contact again I also began scheduling regular Zoom calls with professors and TAs — not just for assistance, but to foster genuine relationships (my lifelong superpower). Once I stopped pretending, I had everything under control; everything truly improved. School life has improved. Home life has also improved. I was finally able to brush my hair again. Slowing Down to Soak It In Next term, I'm taking just one course. Because honestly, what's the rush? I'm not chasing a promotion or striving for a corner office. I'm doing this for myself — for the simple joy of learning and the satisfaction of knowing I still can.  I want to enjoy the journey, not rush through it gasping. I want to look forward to lectures rather than fear them. I want my sleep score (and my sanity) restored.  The goal isn't speed. It's savouring. What I've Learned So Far Here's what these first two courses have taught me: ✓ I can still learn — even when my brain occasionally reboots mid-sentence  ✓ I can focus — especially with enough coffee ✓ I'm still gloriously, endlessly curious ✓ I need sleep (The 5 a.m. club can keep their membership) ✓ I need fun (Revolutionary concept, I know) ✓ I love to learn (Turns out, I always have) ✓ I make mistakes — and they're not terminal ✓ I need help — and I must ask for it ✓ APA 7th Edition is real — and I finally understand what it means (Sort of. Mostly. Sometimes.) ✓ Even Cs or, in my case, a B- get a Degree — consistent, sustainable B- work will win most every race Looking Ahead: The Big 7-0 By the time I graduate, I'll be at least 70 years old. And honestly? I can't think of a better birthday gift for myself. When most people talk about slowing down, I'm actually ramping up. While others are downsizing, I'm uploading assignments at 11:58 p.m. When my friends ask why I do this, I smile and say: "Because I still want to know what I'm capable of." To Be Continued... This is just the beginning of my MBA adventure. I've completed two courses out of twenty-four. Twenty-two more to go — one term at a time, one course at a time, one small victory at a time. I'll update this blog periodically with new stories, fresh insights, and probably more tales of Dottie's disappointment. As We Start the New Year Here's a toast to all of us who refuse to act our age. To everyone starting something new — whether it's an MBA, a marathon, or a pottery class.  To everyone who believes it's never too late to learn, to laugh, or to start again.  Because learning doesn't stop when you retire. Sometimes, it's only just beginning. Stay tuned for Term Two updates, where I'll tackle another course, hopefully retain my sanity, and continue proving that 69 is just a number (and so is 70, 71, 72...). All the best to you in 2026 and beyond!   Sue Don’t Retire… ReWire! Want to become an expert on serving the senior demographic? Just message me to be notified about the next opportunity to become a "Certified Equity Advocate" — mastering solution-based advising that transforms how you work with Canada's fastest-growing client segment. Here's the link to sign up.

UF professor to expand proven disease-prediction dashboard to monitor Gulf threats

After deploying life-saving cholera-prediction systems in Africa and Asia, a University of Florida researcher is turning his attention to the pathogen-plagued waters off Florida’s Gulf Coast. In the fight to end cholera deaths by 2030 – a goal set by the World Health Organization – UF researcher and professor Antar Jutla, Ph.D., has deployed his Cholera Risk Dashboard in about 20 countries, most recently in Kenya. Using NASA and NOAA satellite images and artificial intelligence algorithms, the dashboard is an interactive web interface that pinpoints areas ripe for thriving cholera bacteria. It can predict cholera risk four weeks out, allowing early and proactive humanitarian efforts, medical preparation and health warnings. Cholera is a bacterial disease spread through contaminated food and water; it causes severe intestinal issues and can be fatal if untreated. The US Centers for Disease Control reports between 21,000 and 143,000 cholera deaths each year globally. Make no mistake, the Cholera Risk Dashboard saves lives, existing users contend. His team now wants to set up a similar pathogen-monitoring and disease-prediction system for pathogenic bacteria in the warm, pathogen-fertile waters of the Gulf of America. “Its timeliness, its predictiveness and its ease of access to the right data is a game changer in responding to outbreaks and preventing potentially catastrophic occurrences.” - Linet Kwamboka Nyang’au, a senior program manager for Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data Closer to home Jutla is seeking funding to develop a pathogen-prediction model to identify dangerous bacteria in the Gulf to warn people – particularly rescue workers – to use protective gear or avoid contaminated areas. He envisions post-hurricane systems for the Gulf that will help the U.S. Navy/Coast Guard and other rescue workers make informed health decisions before entering the water. And he wants UF to be at the forefront of this technology. “If we have enough resources, I think within a year we should have a prototype ready for the Gulf,” said Jutla, an associate professor with UF’s Engineering School Sustainable Infrastructure and Environment. “We want to build that expertise here at UF for the entire Gulf of America.” Jutla and his co-investigators have applied for a five-year, $4 million NOAA RESTORE grant to study pathogens known as vibrios off Florida’s West Coast and develop the Vibrio Warning System. These vibrios in the Gulf can cause diarrhea, stomach cramps, nausea, vomiting, fever and chills. One alarming example is Vibrio vulnificus, commonly known as flesh-eating bacteria, a bacterium that often leads to amputations or death. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported increases in vibrio infections in the Gulf region, particularly from 2000 to 2018. The warm and ecologically sensitive Gulf waters provide a thriving habitat for harmful pathogens. “The grant builds directly on the success of our cholera-prediction system," Jutla noted. "By integrating AI technologies into public health decision-making, we would not only lead the nation but also become self-reliant in understanding the movement of environmentally sensitive pathogens, positioning ourselves as global leaders.” Learning from preparing early Jutla’s dashboards are critical tools for global health and humanitarian officials, said Linet Kwamboka Nyang’au, a senior program manager for Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data. “Its timeliness, its predictiveness and its ease of access to the right data is a game changer in responding to outbreaks and preventing potentially catastrophic occurrences,” Kwamboka Nyang’au said. Over the last few years, Jutla and several health/government leaders have been working to deploy the cholera-predictive dashboard. “Our partnership with UF, the government of Kenya and others on the cholera dashboard is a life-saving mission for high-risk, extremely vulnerable populations in Africa. By predicting potential cholera outbreaks and coordinating multi-stakeholder interventions, we are enabling swift action and empowering local governments and communities to prevent crises before they unfold,” said Davis Adieno, senior director of programs for the Global Partnership for Sustainable Development Data. The early warnings for waterborne pathogens also allows the United Nations time to issue early assistance to residents in the outbreak’s path, said Juan Chaves-Gonzalez, a program advisor with the United Nations’ Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs. “There are several things we do with the money ahead of time. We provide hygiene kits. We repair and protect water sources. We start chlorination, we set up hand-washing stations, train and deploy rapid-response teams. At the community level, we try to inject funding to procure rapid-diagnostic tests,” he said. “We identify those very, very specific barriers and put money in organizations’ hands in advance to remove those barriers.” Eyes on the Gulf In the United States, hurricanes stir up vibrios in the Gulf, posing a high risk of infection for humans in the water. There has been a nearly 200% increase in these cases over the last 20 years in the U.S., according to the CDC. “After Hurricane Ian, we saw a very heavy presence of these vibrios in Sarasota Bay and the Charlotte Bay region. Not only that, but they were showing signs of antibiotic-resistance. Last year, we had one of the largest number of cases of vibriosis in the history of Florida,” Jutla said. Samples from 2024 hurricanes Helene and Milton are being analyzed with AI and complex bioinformatics algorithms. “If there is a risky operation by rescue personnel, not using personal protective equipment, then we would want them to know there is a significant concentration of these bacteria in the water,” Jutla said. “As an example, Navy divers operating in contaminated waters are at risk of infections from vibrios and other enteric pathogens, which can cause severe gastrointestinal and wound infections.” Safety and economics “Exposure to vibrios and other enteric pathogens,” Jutla added, “can disrupt economic activities, particularly in coastal regions that are dependent on tourism and fishing. And vibrios may be considered potential bioterrorism agents due to their ability to cause widespread illness and panic.” In developing the Vibrio Warning System, Jutla noted, he and his team want to significantly enhance public health safety and preparedness along the Gulf Coast. By leveraging advanced AI technologies, satellite datasets and predictive modeling, they plan to mitigate the risks posed by environmentally sensitive pathogenic bacteria, ensuring timely interventions and safeguarding human health and economic activities. “Hospital systems and healthcare providers in the Gulf region will have a tool for anticipatory decision making on where and when to anticipate illness from these environmentally sensitive vibrios, and issue a potential warning to the general public,” he said. “With the potential to become a leader in environmental pathogen prediction, UF stands at the forefront of this critical research, poised to make a lasting impact on local, regional, national and global health and safety.”

Holiday Phones, Real Kids: “Don’t Give a 10-Year-Old a 24/7 Device Without a Plan”

Smartphones and tablets are among the hottest holiday gifts for tweens and teens. They’re also one of the biggest sources of parental anxiety. “We’re giving 9, 10, 11-year-olds a pocket device with the power to nuke their sleep, social life and self-esteem — and we’re doing it with almost no training,” says Eli Singer, founder and CEO of Offline.now. “The question isn’t ‘Should kids have phones?’ It’s ‘What’s the plan for this incredibly powerful tool?’” Singer, a coach and parent who lives with ADHD himself, takes a non-judgmental, shame-free approach with families. He’s blunt about the risks — social comparison, late-night scrolling, drama at school that now comes home in their pocket — but equally blunt that guilt doesn’t help. “Parents are overwhelmed and scared. They’ve seen the headlines linking social media to anxiety and depression, and they feel like they’re already behind,” he says. “My job isn’t to scare them; it’s to help them write the first draft of a family agreement they can actually live with.” Singer recommends three simple starting points over the holidays: Bedrooms are sacred. Phones charge overnight outside kids’ rooms and ideally outside parents’ rooms, too. Meals are for humans, not phones. A bowl or basket at the table becomes the visual reminder: we’re here together. Model what you ask. If parents scroll through dinner or answer work emails at fireworks, kids get the message long before any rule is written. Offline.now’s Digital Wellness Directory includes professionals who specialize in families, ADHD, and youth mental health; Singer positions Offline.now as the bridge between overwhelmed parents and the right expert help. Why now Late December is “first phone” season. January brings the real-world consequences: blown bedtimes, drama in group chats, school exhaustion. Singer can give reporters a nuanced, practical angle on holiday devices — beyond “phones are bad” vs. “phones are fine” — and concrete questions families can ask before they unwrap the box. Available for interviews Eli Singer - CEO of Offline.now; author of Offline.now: A Practical Guide to Healthy Digital Balance. I speak about practical behavior change, non-judgmental family agreements, and confidence-based starting points - and I can direct people to licensed professionals via the Offline.now Directory when needs go beyond coaching.

AU scientists advance understanding of Nobel-winning immunology research

The 2025 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine recognized the discovery of regulatory T cells, which are immune cells that maintain tolerance and prevent autoimmunity. At Augusta University, scientists have built upon that foundational work, uncovering how these cells function, fail and evolve across diseases like cancer and atherosclerosis. Regulatory T cells, or Tregs, are essential for controlling immune responses and preventing the body from attacking its own tissues. Early discoveries by Shimon Sakaguchi, MD, PhD, who identified the CD25 marker and later the transcription factor FoxP3, revealed how Tregs suppress immune activation. Sakaguchi, a distinguished professor at Osaka University in Japan, shared the Nobel Prize with Mary E. Brunkow, PhD, Princeton University, and Fred Ramsdell, PhD, University of California, Los Angeles. Sakaguchi once shared lab space with Nicholas Gascoigne, PhD, now a professor at AU’s Immunology Center of Georgia, where he studies T-cell signaling and differentiation — a connection that ties the global history of Treg research to the university’s ongoing expertise. Gascoigne’s research continues to illuminate how Tregs differentiate and signal, critical steps in ensuring immune tolerance to self. “Drs. Sakaguchi, Brunkow and Ramsdell have made enormous contributions to our understanding of how immunological tolerance works, so this prize is very well deserved,” Gascoigne said. “I was happy I could help Drs. Shimon and Noriko Sakaguchi when they needed lab space back in the early ‘90s. They were wonderful to work with.” At Augusta University, David Munn, MD, co-director of the Pediatric Immunotherapy Program of the Medical College of Georgia at Augusta University, made seminal discoveries showing that Tregs are not always stable. Munn’s team demonstrated that these cells could lose their suppressive identity and become “exTregs,” adopting pro-inflammatory characteristics under certain conditions. Munn also uncovered an entirely distinct tolerance mechanism through indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase, a pathway independent of FoxP3 that regulates immune balance through tryptophan metabolism. “In particular, the work of Shimon Sakaguchi and Fred Ramsdell was profoundly influential on our early work, as we were just starting out to explore how the immune system is regulated in pediatric cancers,” Munn said. “The work of these Nobel laureates helped transform the scientific understanding of how the immune system responds — or fails to respond — in the setting of tumors.” Catherine “Lynn” Hedrick, PhD, co-director of the Immunology Center of Georgia, further expanded this understanding by showing that Tregs can convert into follicular helper T cells, offering new insight into how immune regulation can shift toward antibody production in chronic inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis. “Understanding how regulatory T cells can shift identities helps explain why the immune system sometimes loses balance in chronic disease,” Hedrick said. “By tracing how Tregs convert into other helper cells, we’re uncovering new therapeutic targets to restore immune harmony in conditions like atherosclerosis.” Building on these advances, Klaus Ley, MD, co-director of IMMCG, and his team have investigated how exTregs contribute to cardiovascular inflammation, identifying them in human tissues and clarifying their role in atherosclerosis. His lab also recently discovered human exTregs, providing the first direct evidence of these cells in people. Two postdoctoral fellows in Ley’s lab, Qingkang Lyu, PhD, and Smriti Parashar, PhD, continue this work, exploring how regulatory and ex-regulatory T cells influence chronic disease progression. Additionally, Dimitrios Moskofidis, MD, PhD, a professor based in the Georgia Cancer Center, contributed key early insights into immune tolerance and memory, defining how effector T cells persist or are deleted following infection. “Together, these discoveries place Augusta University and the Immunology Center of Georgia at the forefront of modern immunology, connecting molecular mechanisms of tolerance to real-world diseases and therapies,” Ley said. To connect with any of the experts or researchers in this article - simply contact AU's External Communications Team mediarelations@augusta.edu to arrange an interview today.

New AI-powered tool helps students find creative solutions to complex math proofs

Math students may not blink at calculating probabilities, measuring the area beneath curves or evaluating matrices, yet they often find themselves at sea when first confronted with writing proofs. But a new AI-powered tool called HaLLMos — developed by a team led by Professor Vincent Vatter, Ph.D., in the University of Florida Department of Mathematics — now offers a lifeline. “Some students love proofs, but almost everyone struggles with them. The ones who love them just put in more work,” Vatter said. “It just kind of blows their minds that there’s no single correct answer — that there are many different ways to do this. It’s very different than just doing computational work.” Building the tool HaLLMos was developed by Vatter, as principal investigator, along with Sarah Sword, a mathematics education expert at the Education Development Center; Jay Pantone, an associate professor of mathematical and statistical sciences at Marquette University; and Ryota Matsuura, a professor of mathematics, statistics and computer science at St. Olaf College; with grant support from the National Science Foundation. The tool is freely available at hallmos.com. The team’s goal was to develop an AI tool powered by a large language model that would support student learning rather than short-circuiting it. HaLLMos provides immediate personalized feedback that guides students through the creative struggle that writing proofs requires, without solving the proofs for them. The tool’s name honors the late Paul Halmos, a renowned mathematician who argued that the mathematics field is a creative art, akin to how painters work. Students using HaLLMos can select from classic exercises — such as proving that, for all integers, if the square of the integer is even, the integer is even — or use “sandbox mode” to enter exercises from any course. Faculty can create exercises and share them with students. Vatter introduced HaLLMos to his students last spring in his “Reasoning and Proof in Mathematics” class, a core requirement for math majors that is often the first time students encounter proofs. “They could use this tool to try out their proofs before they brought them to me. We try to identify the error in a student’s proof and let them go fix it,” Vatter said. “It is difficult for faculty to devote enough time to working individually with students. Our goal is that this tool will provide the feedback in real time to students in the way we would do it if we were there with them as they construct a proof.” Helping professors and students excel “I think every math professor would love to give more feedback to students than we are able to,” Vatter said. “That’s one of the things that inspired this.” The next steps for Vatter and his colleagues include getting more pilot sites to use the tool and continuing to improve its responses. “We’d like it to be good at any kind of undergraduate mathematics proofs,” he said. Vatter also intends to explore moving HaLLMos to UF’s HiPerGator, the country's fastest university-owned supercomputer. “It’s our goal to have it remain publicly accessible,” Vatter said. This research was supported by a grant from the National Science Foundation Division of Undergraduate Education.

UC Irvine’s Daniele Piomelli provides expert view on federal reclassification of cannabis

As the White House moves to reclassify cannabis under federal law from a schedule I to a schedule III, questions remain about how the change could affect medical use, public health, research, and regulation. UC Irvine’s Daniele Piomelli, PhD, an internationally recognized cannabis researcher, is available to comment on the implications of the policy shift. Piomelli is a distinguished professor of anatomy and neurobiology at the University of California, Irvine, the Louise Turner Arnold Chair in the neurosciences, and director of the UCI Center for the Study of Cannabis. Piomelli has more than 30 years of experience studying cannabis, THC and the endocannabinoid system, with research spanning basic neuroscience, pharmacology and translational science. He is editor in chief of Cannabis and Cannabinoid Research and has testified before the U.S. Senate on cannabis-related research and policy. He can provide perspective on: • What federal reclassification may change for medical cannabis and scientific research • Differences between THC, CBD and other cannabinoids • Potential public health benefits and risks of cannabis legalization • Cannabis exposure and the developing brain, including adolescence • Regulatory and research challenges tied to cannabis policy Piomelli is available for interviews or background conversations. Email: piomelli@hs.uci.edu

Tales of Christmas Past: Preserving Your Family History During the Holidays

During past family Christmas gatherings, many of us remember when older relatives regaled everyone with tales about their fascinating life stories, firsthand experiences as an eyewitness to history or simply sharing how favorite family traditions started. So how do you preserve those precious family memories during the holidays? Baylor University oral historians Stephen Sloan and Adrienne Cain Darough have recorded and preserved the oral history memoirs of thousands of individuals through their work with Baylor’s renowned Institute for Oral History, home of the national Oral History Association. Together, the historians share seven simple best practices to help family members begin oral history conversations that enrich recollections of the past and capture your family memories. “The holiday season brings about the opportunity to spend time with family members, especially those you may not be able to see on a frequent basis,” Cain Darough said. “This presents the perfect opportunity to conduct oral histories to capture the stories and experiences of your family and loved ones, to learn more about them, the history of your family, traditions that have been passed down from generation to generation and more.” Seven best practices for preserving your family’s oral history 1. Ask first! Make sure your family member wants their story to be documented or recorded. That is the first – and most important – question to ask, said Adrienne Cain Darough, M.L.S., assistant director and senior lecturer with the Institute for Oral History. Ask first. “Many oral historians have run into the spot where someone says, ‘Oh, my grandpa would be great for that topic,’ and you get there and it's, ‘Grandpa does not want to talk to you.’ So first, make sure they want their story recorded,” she said. 2. Determine the type of recording equipment you want to use. Decide if you want to record your interview with an audio recorder or use a video recording device. It all depends on your needs and comfort level with the technology. For family members who are unable to travel this holiday season, you can include them by capturing their stories using a remote recording platform like Zoom, which became a vital tool for oral historians when COVID struck in 2020. Helpful resources from Baylor’s Institute for Oral History include: How to choose the right digital recorder Oral History at a Distance webinar on the dynamics of conducting remote oral history interviews Remote Interviewing Resources guide (Oral History Association) 3. Research your family member’s life and their timeline to help you formulate your questions. Recording a family member’s oral history is more than just putting down a recorder in front of them and saying, “Talk.” If you’re recording an oral history over Christmas with a family member, are there specific things that you want to know that are related to the holiday? For example, what was Christmas morning like for them as a child? How did your favorite family traditions start? What is their favorite holiday dish? (Maybe they could even share the recipe. “You can finally learn why Nana’s banana pudding doesn’t even have bananas in it,” Cain Darough said.) “Doing your research to try to form those questions will help you get around the reluctance to talk sometimes,” Cain Darough added. “The favorite thing that I love to hear is, ‘Oh, I don't have much to say,’ or ‘I'm not that important.’ And then you sit down with them, and you listen to their stories, and your mind is just blown by the things that they've seen and experienced.” 4. Start with the basics: “Where are you from?” When Baylor oral historians conduct an interview, they generally begin with some life history of the subject, providing important context for historians. “Ask questions early on that are easy for them to answer: a little bit of the backstory, a little bit of where they're from, where they grew up,” said Stephen Sloan, Ph.D., director of the Institute for Oral History, executive director of Oral History Association and professor of history at Baylor. “I want to understand the lens through which they experienced events, and the only way I can do that is, who was this? What was formative in their life growing up? Who spoke into who they were? What did they learn? Where did they go? What did they do? Those are the sorts of things that I would be exploring early in the interview.” One of the questions Cain Darough enjoys asking is, “What did you want to be when you grew up?” “You want to give them something that's very easy and comfortable to talk about,” Cain Darough said. “What was your favorite subject in school, just to see if that was something that continued on in their life. If there's a certain hobby or something that you know that they're affiliated with, when did you learn about that? Tell me more. What's your interest with this? And then they'll get to talking.” 5. Ask open-ended questions – without making any assumptions. With oral history, it is important that you don’t go into the interview with a specific agenda or try to lead anyone to a certain conclusion. “We can do this very subtly by assuming information, but you can't assume anything about their experience with the topic,’” Sloan said. “If we assume information, it could be very far from how they encountered whatever event that may have been. Allow them to relate the ways in which they lived these experiences.” 6. Listen closely. Listening is an important facet of gathering oral history. But historians say you are not only listening for what they're saying, you're also listening for what they're not saying. “Are there things that are being skipped around?” Cain Darough said. “For example, sometimes when you're talking to veterans about their combat experience, it may be the first time that they're reliving or retelling these stories. They need time, and you just have to be prepared for that.” 7. Be patient. It might take your subject some time to warm up to the conversation. “If you're talking to someone who is 80, 90 or even 100, that's a lot of memories that they have to go through, so patience is important,” Cain Darough said. Looking to know more or arrange an interview? Simply click on Stephen's icon or contact: Shelby Cefaratti-Bertin today to connect with  Adrienne Cain Darough.